🔆 BHAVYA-Rasayan Scheme (Bharat Audyogik Vikas Yojana – Rasayan)
📍 Why in News?
✅ The Cabinet Committee on Economic Affairs (CCEA), chaired by the Prime Minister, has approved the BHAVYA-Rasayan Scheme.
📍 About the Scheme
✅ Aims to establish 3 dedicated Chemical Parks across India.
✅ Implemented by: State Governments through the Challenge Route.
✅ The Central Government will provide a grant of up to ₹1,000 crore per park.
✅ States must contribute a minimum of ₹500 crore per park.
✅ Parks may be developed as Greenfield or Brownfield projects.
📍 Key Features
✅ Provides plug-and-play infrastructure with common facilities and basic utilities for the chemical industry.
✅ Common facilities include:
✅ Common Effluent Treatment Plant (CETP)
✅ Treatment, Storage and Disposal Facility (TSDF)
✅ Water supply and distribution systems
✅ Solvent recovery and distillation facilities
✅ Steam generation and distribution network
✅ Interconnected pipeline network
✅ Logistics and warehousing facilities
📍 Benefits
✅ Promotes development of the entire chemical value chain, including upstream, downstream, and ancillary industries.
✅ Reduces logistics costs through efficient resource utilisation.
✅ Enhances global competitiveness through shared infrastructure.
✅ Strengthens India’s integration into Global Value Chains (GVCs).
✅ Boosts exports and promotes import substitution.
✅ Encourages environmentally sustainable industrial development.
✅ Improves compliance with environmental regulations.
✅ Generates employment and supports the vision of Viksit Bharat 2047.
📍 Prelims Pointer
✅ Scheme: BHAVYA-Rasayan (Bharat Audyogik Vikas Yojana – Rasayan).
✅ Approved by: Cabinet Committee on Economic Affairs (CCEA).
✅ Objective: Establish 3 dedicated Chemical Parks with plug-and-play infrastructure for the chemical sector.
#goverment_schemes
Join https://t.me/PIB_UPSC
https://t.me/upsc_government_scheme
📍 Why in News?
✅ The Cabinet Committee on Economic Affairs (CCEA), chaired by the Prime Minister, has approved the BHAVYA-Rasayan Scheme.
📍 About the Scheme
✅ Aims to establish 3 dedicated Chemical Parks across India.
✅ Implemented by: State Governments through the Challenge Route.
✅ The Central Government will provide a grant of up to ₹1,000 crore per park.
✅ States must contribute a minimum of ₹500 crore per park.
✅ Parks may be developed as Greenfield or Brownfield projects.
📍 Key Features
✅ Provides plug-and-play infrastructure with common facilities and basic utilities for the chemical industry.
✅ Common facilities include:
✅ Common Effluent Treatment Plant (CETP)
✅ Treatment, Storage and Disposal Facility (TSDF)
✅ Water supply and distribution systems
✅ Solvent recovery and distillation facilities
✅ Steam generation and distribution network
✅ Interconnected pipeline network
✅ Logistics and warehousing facilities
📍 Benefits
✅ Promotes development of the entire chemical value chain, including upstream, downstream, and ancillary industries.
✅ Reduces logistics costs through efficient resource utilisation.
✅ Enhances global competitiveness through shared infrastructure.
✅ Strengthens India’s integration into Global Value Chains (GVCs).
✅ Boosts exports and promotes import substitution.
✅ Encourages environmentally sustainable industrial development.
✅ Improves compliance with environmental regulations.
✅ Generates employment and supports the vision of Viksit Bharat 2047.
📍 Prelims Pointer
✅ Scheme: BHAVYA-Rasayan (Bharat Audyogik Vikas Yojana – Rasayan).
✅ Approved by: Cabinet Committee on Economic Affairs (CCEA).
✅ Objective: Establish 3 dedicated Chemical Parks with plug-and-play infrastructure for the chemical sector.
#goverment_schemes
Join https://t.me/PIB_UPSC
https://t.me/upsc_government_scheme
❤5
🔆 HUNGER
📍 Definition
✅ Hunger is the distress associated with lack of food.
✅ Food deprivation threshold: Less than 1,800 calories/day.
📍 Causes of Hunger
✅ Poverty – Limits access to nutritious food.
✅ Poor implementation of food policies – Weak delivery of welfare schemes.
✅ Protein Hunger – Inadequate protein-rich foods in PDS.
✅ Hidden Hunger – Deficiency of micronutrients like iron, zinc & vitamins.
📍 Government Initiatives
✅ POSHAN Abhiyaan – Targets stunting, wasting & anaemia.
✅ Eat Right India Movement – Promotes healthy dietary habits.
✅ Food Fortification – Addition of essential micronutrients to staple foods.
✅ National Food Security Act, 2013 – Covers 75% rural & 50% urban population.
✅ SDG-2 – Aim to achieve Zero Hunger.
📍 Key Reports & Data
✅ Global Hunger Index (2022): India ranked 107/121.
✅ MPI Report (2021):25.01% Indians were multidimensionally poor.
✅ NFHS-5:Stunting – 35.5%, Wasting – 19.3%, Underweight – 32.1%.
✅ India accounts for nearly 24% of the world’s undernourished population (FAO Report).
📍 Issues & Challenges
✅ Calorie deficiency despite surplus foodgrain production.
✅ Poverty–Hunger–Debt vicious cycle.
✅ Non-affordability of nutritious food.
✅ Lack of dietary awareness.
✅ Persistent micronutrient deficiency.
📍 Way Forward
✅ Promote dietary diversity and balanced nutrition.
✅ Expand food fortification initiatives.
✅ Focus on maternal & child nutrition during the first 1,000 days.
✅ Strengthen targeted nutrition assessment and delivery.
✅ Improve implementation of PDS, ICDS & POSHAN Abhiyaan.
📝 UPSC Mains Value Addition
“Food security is not merely the availability of food, but access to adequate, safe and nutritious food for a healthy life.”
Practice Question (GS-2/GS-3):
Despite foodgrain surplus, hunger and malnutrition continue to persist in India. Examine the reasons and suggest measures to address the challenge. (15 Marks)
#mains
📍 Definition
✅ Hunger is the distress associated with lack of food.
✅ Food deprivation threshold: Less than 1,800 calories/day.
📍 Causes of Hunger
✅ Poverty – Limits access to nutritious food.
✅ Poor implementation of food policies – Weak delivery of welfare schemes.
✅ Protein Hunger – Inadequate protein-rich foods in PDS.
✅ Hidden Hunger – Deficiency of micronutrients like iron, zinc & vitamins.
📍 Government Initiatives
✅ POSHAN Abhiyaan – Targets stunting, wasting & anaemia.
✅ Eat Right India Movement – Promotes healthy dietary habits.
✅ Food Fortification – Addition of essential micronutrients to staple foods.
✅ National Food Security Act, 2013 – Covers 75% rural & 50% urban population.
✅ SDG-2 – Aim to achieve Zero Hunger.
📍 Key Reports & Data
✅ Global Hunger Index (2022): India ranked 107/121.
✅ MPI Report (2021):25.01% Indians were multidimensionally poor.
✅ NFHS-5:Stunting – 35.5%, Wasting – 19.3%, Underweight – 32.1%.
✅ India accounts for nearly 24% of the world’s undernourished population (FAO Report).
📍 Issues & Challenges
✅ Calorie deficiency despite surplus foodgrain production.
✅ Poverty–Hunger–Debt vicious cycle.
✅ Non-affordability of nutritious food.
✅ Lack of dietary awareness.
✅ Persistent micronutrient deficiency.
📍 Way Forward
✅ Promote dietary diversity and balanced nutrition.
✅ Expand food fortification initiatives.
✅ Focus on maternal & child nutrition during the first 1,000 days.
✅ Strengthen targeted nutrition assessment and delivery.
✅ Improve implementation of PDS, ICDS & POSHAN Abhiyaan.
📝 UPSC Mains Value Addition
“Food security is not merely the availability of food, but access to adequate, safe and nutritious food for a healthy life.”
Practice Question (GS-2/GS-3):
Despite foodgrain surplus, hunger and malnutrition continue to persist in India. Examine the reasons and suggest measures to address the challenge. (15 Marks)
#mains
❤4
#Goodmorning
⏳23 days left CSM26 [ 21-08-26]
⏳298 days left CSP27 [ 23-05-27]
⏳387 days left CSM27 [ 20-08-27]
⏳130 days left UPPSC/RAS prelims 6 December
⏳47 Day left CDS/NDA 2 13 Sept
⏳41 day left Mppsc mains26 7 September
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⏳8 days left mppsc mains25 8 august
#Target
#TargetOnlyone
#Accountability
https://t.me/anmolvachan1
⏳23 days left CSM26 [ 21-08-26]
⏳298 days left CSP27 [ 23-05-27]
⏳387 days left CSM27 [ 20-08-27]
⏳130 days left UPPSC/RAS prelims 6 December
⏳47 Day left CDS/NDA 2 13 Sept
⏳41 day left Mppsc mains26 7 September
⏳9 days left Afcat 8 august
⏳8 days left mppsc mains25 8 august
#Target
#TargetOnlyone
#Accountability
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❤2
🔆 CURRENT AFFAIRS – 28 JULY 2026
🔆 POLITY & GOVERNANCE
📍 Prevention of Insults to National Honour (Amendment) Bill, 2026
✅ Introduced in the Rajya Sabha
✅ Amends the Prevention of Insults to National Honour Act, 1971
✅ Extends protection to Vande Mataram alongside Jana Gana Mana
✅ Criminalises intentionally preventing the singing of Vande Mataram or disrupting its rendition
✅ Punishment: Up to 3 years’ imprisonment, fine or both; repeat offenders face a minimum 1-year imprisonment
📍 Supreme Court Reaffirms Right to Peaceful Protest
✅ Right to peaceful and lawful protest protected under the Constitution
✅ Police excesses such as lathi-charge cannot be justified merely due to public protests
✅ Supreme Court is considering a uniform nationwide protocol for police conduct during protests
✅ Held that use of pellet guns/Projectile Action Guns (PAGs) violates the principles of necessity, proportionality and reasonableness
✅ Reinforces Article 19(1)(b) guaranteeing the Right to Assemble Peacefully
🔆 INTERNATIONAL
📍 Spain Declares National Emergency Over Wildfires
✅ Spain declared a national emergency due to an unprecedented wildfire crisis
✅ First such declaration in Spanish history specifically for wildfires
✅ Triggered by extreme heat (above 39°C) and strong winds
✅ India’s National Emergency under Article 352 can be proclaimed only during war, external aggression or armed rebellion
✅ National Emergency has been declared in India three times: 1962, 1971 and 1975
🔆 AGRICULTURE
📍 Integrated Farming Gains Momentum in Northeast India
✅ Integrated Farming Systems (IFS) combine crops, livestock, fishery, poultry and trees
✅ Promoted under the Joint Initiative for Village Advancement (JIVA) in Assam and Arunachal Pradesh
✅ Animal waste used as manure, crop residues feed livestock and pond water irrigates crops
✅ Improves year-round income, biodiversity and climate resilience
✅ JIVA launched by NABARD in 2022 to promote agroecology-based natural farming
📍 Government Approves Use of Anhydrous Ammonia as Fertiliser
✅ Approved for agricultural use for an initial period of 3 years
✅ Contains 82% nitrogen, compared to 46% in conventional urea
✅ Expected to improve fertiliser efficiency by around 10%
✅ Supports the National Green Hydrogen Mission
✅ Promotes production of Green Urea using Green Ammonia
🔆 ENVIRONMENT
📍 Declining Bird Migration Linked to Insect Mismatch
✅ Climate change is disrupting synchronisation between bird migration and arthropod emergence
✅ Rising temperatures cause insects to emerge earlier at higher elevations
✅ Migratory birds often arrive after peak food availability
✅ Insect-eating and ground-feeding birds are most affected
✅ Arthropods undergo diapause (winter dormancy) during cold conditions
📍 DNA Metabarcoding Reveals Dhole Diet
✅ Study found dholes (Asiatic wild dogs) primarily prey on chital and sambar
✅ Researchers identified 15 prey species using DNA metabarcoding
✅ Technique analyses environmental DNA (eDNA) from samples such as soil and water
✅ Uses DNA extraction, PCR amplification and high-throughput sequencing
✅ Enables rapid identification of multiple species from mixed biological samples
🔆 IMPORTANT DAYS
📍 World Hepatitis Day 2026
✅ Observed annually on 28 July
✅ Theme: “Hepatitis: Let’s Break It Down”
✅ Aims to eliminate viral hepatitis as a public health threat by 2030
✅ Officially observed by WHO since 2010
🔆 SPORTS
📍 Mirabai Chanu Wins Third Consecutive Commonwealth Games Gold
✅ Won Gold Medal in Women’s 48 kg Weightlifting
✅ Achieved a record total lift of 190 kg
✅ Third consecutive Commonwealth Games Gold after 2018 and 2022
✅ Competition held in Glasgow, Scotland
🔆 ECONOMY
📍 Number of ₹100-Crore Income Earners Rises Sharply
✅ 576 individuals declared income exceeding ₹100 crore in Assessment Year 2025–26
✅ Around fourfold increase over the last 5 years
✅ Data released by the Ministry of Finance
✅ Government clarified that “billionaire” has no statutory definition under the Income Tax Act
#CurrentAffairs
🔆 POLITY & GOVERNANCE
📍 Prevention of Insults to National Honour (Amendment) Bill, 2026
✅ Introduced in the Rajya Sabha
✅ Amends the Prevention of Insults to National Honour Act, 1971
✅ Extends protection to Vande Mataram alongside Jana Gana Mana
✅ Criminalises intentionally preventing the singing of Vande Mataram or disrupting its rendition
✅ Punishment: Up to 3 years’ imprisonment, fine or both; repeat offenders face a minimum 1-year imprisonment
📍 Supreme Court Reaffirms Right to Peaceful Protest
✅ Right to peaceful and lawful protest protected under the Constitution
✅ Police excesses such as lathi-charge cannot be justified merely due to public protests
✅ Supreme Court is considering a uniform nationwide protocol for police conduct during protests
✅ Held that use of pellet guns/Projectile Action Guns (PAGs) violates the principles of necessity, proportionality and reasonableness
✅ Reinforces Article 19(1)(b) guaranteeing the Right to Assemble Peacefully
🔆 INTERNATIONAL
📍 Spain Declares National Emergency Over Wildfires
✅ Spain declared a national emergency due to an unprecedented wildfire crisis
✅ First such declaration in Spanish history specifically for wildfires
✅ Triggered by extreme heat (above 39°C) and strong winds
✅ India’s National Emergency under Article 352 can be proclaimed only during war, external aggression or armed rebellion
✅ National Emergency has been declared in India three times: 1962, 1971 and 1975
🔆 AGRICULTURE
📍 Integrated Farming Gains Momentum in Northeast India
✅ Integrated Farming Systems (IFS) combine crops, livestock, fishery, poultry and trees
✅ Promoted under the Joint Initiative for Village Advancement (JIVA) in Assam and Arunachal Pradesh
✅ Animal waste used as manure, crop residues feed livestock and pond water irrigates crops
✅ Improves year-round income, biodiversity and climate resilience
✅ JIVA launched by NABARD in 2022 to promote agroecology-based natural farming
📍 Government Approves Use of Anhydrous Ammonia as Fertiliser
✅ Approved for agricultural use for an initial period of 3 years
✅ Contains 82% nitrogen, compared to 46% in conventional urea
✅ Expected to improve fertiliser efficiency by around 10%
✅ Supports the National Green Hydrogen Mission
✅ Promotes production of Green Urea using Green Ammonia
🔆 ENVIRONMENT
📍 Declining Bird Migration Linked to Insect Mismatch
✅ Climate change is disrupting synchronisation between bird migration and arthropod emergence
✅ Rising temperatures cause insects to emerge earlier at higher elevations
✅ Migratory birds often arrive after peak food availability
✅ Insect-eating and ground-feeding birds are most affected
✅ Arthropods undergo diapause (winter dormancy) during cold conditions
📍 DNA Metabarcoding Reveals Dhole Diet
✅ Study found dholes (Asiatic wild dogs) primarily prey on chital and sambar
✅ Researchers identified 15 prey species using DNA metabarcoding
✅ Technique analyses environmental DNA (eDNA) from samples such as soil and water
✅ Uses DNA extraction, PCR amplification and high-throughput sequencing
✅ Enables rapid identification of multiple species from mixed biological samples
🔆 IMPORTANT DAYS
📍 World Hepatitis Day 2026
✅ Observed annually on 28 July
✅ Theme: “Hepatitis: Let’s Break It Down”
✅ Aims to eliminate viral hepatitis as a public health threat by 2030
✅ Officially observed by WHO since 2010
🔆 SPORTS
📍 Mirabai Chanu Wins Third Consecutive Commonwealth Games Gold
✅ Won Gold Medal in Women’s 48 kg Weightlifting
✅ Achieved a record total lift of 190 kg
✅ Third consecutive Commonwealth Games Gold after 2018 and 2022
✅ Competition held in Glasgow, Scotland
🔆 ECONOMY
📍 Number of ₹100-Crore Income Earners Rises Sharply
✅ 576 individuals declared income exceeding ₹100 crore in Assessment Year 2025–26
✅ Around fourfold increase over the last 5 years
✅ Data released by the Ministry of Finance
✅ Government clarified that “billionaire” has no statutory definition under the Income Tax Act
#CurrentAffairs
❤2
#Goodmorning
⏳22 days left CSM26 [ 21-08-26]
⏳297 days left CSP27 [ 23-05-27]
⏳386 days left CSM27 [ 20-08-27]
⏳129 days left UPPSC/RAS prelims 6 December
⏳46 Day left CDS/NDA 2 13 Sept
⏳40 day left Mppsc mains26 7 September
⏳8 days left Afcat 8 august
⏳8 days left mppsc mains25 8 august
#Target
#TargetOnlyone
#Accountability
https://t.me/anmolvachan1
⏳22 days left CSM26 [ 21-08-26]
⏳297 days left CSP27 [ 23-05-27]
⏳386 days left CSM27 [ 20-08-27]
⏳129 days left UPPSC/RAS prelims 6 December
⏳46 Day left CDS/NDA 2 13 Sept
⏳40 day left Mppsc mains26 7 September
⏳8 days left Afcat 8 august
⏳8 days left mppsc mains25 8 august
#Target
#TargetOnlyone
#Accountability
https://t.me/anmolvachan1
❤1
🔆 CURRENT AFFAIRS – 29 JULY 2026
🔆 HISTORY, ART & CULTURE
📍 650th Birth Anniversary of Sant Guru Ravidas
✅ Government launched Samarasya Sankalp Abhiyan to commemorate the 650th birth anniversary of Sant Guru Ravidas
✅ Campaign runs from 29 July 2026 to 20 February 2027 (Magha Purnima)
✅ Guru Ravidas was a 15th–16th century Bhakti movement saint and mystic poet
✅ His hymns are included in the Guru Granth Sahib
✅ His compositions also appear in the Panch Vani of the Dadu Panthi tradition
🔆 GEOGRAPHY
📍 Kosi–Mechi Link Project
✅ Targeted for completion by March 2029
✅ Included under PMKSY–Accelerated Irrigation Benefit Programme (AIBP)
✅ India and Nepal continue dialogue on Kosi River dam projects
✅ Joint Project Office (JPO-SKSKI) established in 2003 is preparing DPRs for the Sapta Kosi Multipurpose Project
🔆 INTERNATIONAL
📍 UNESCO Updates List of World Heritage in Danger
✅ During the 48th Session in Busan, Republic of Korea, UNESCO added 6 new sites to the List of World Heritage in Danger
✅ Mechanism created under the 1972 World Heritage Convention
✅ Aims to mobilise international assistance, funding and conservation efforts
✅ Newly added sites include Boma-Badingilo (South Sudan), Tyre & Mount Amel Castles (Lebanon), Sebastia (Palestine), Taurica Chersonese (Ukraine) and Historic Inner City of Paramaribo (Suriname)
📍 UNESCO Adds 25 New World Heritage Sites
✅ UNESCO added 25 new World Heritage Sites, taking the global total to 1,273
✅ Sarnath became India’s newest World Heritage Site
✅ First-ever inscriptions for three African countries
✅ All inscriptions adopted by consensus
📍 India Becomes World’s Second-Largest Supplier of Seafarers
✅ India now ranks 2nd globally, after the Philippines
✅ Contributes 311,936 seafarers, accounting for 12.16% of the global workforce
✅ India’s share increased from 5.2% (2015) to 12.16% (2026)
✅ Mission 20% aims to raise India’s global share to 20%
📍 Wildfire Crisis Intensifies Across Europe
✅ Major wildfires continue across France, Spain, Italy and parts of Scotland
✅ Gironde (France) emerged as Europe’s largest wildfire hotspot
✅ Spain remains under a national emergency due to wildfires
✅ Extreme heat and climate change continue to intensify wildfire risks
🔆 ECONOMY
📍 India’s First Direct Commercial Container Freight Train to Nepal
✅ First direct commercial freight service reached Biratnagar Customs Yard, Nepal
✅ Route: Shyama Prasad Mukherjee Port (Kolkata) – Jogbani – Biratnagar
✅ Train carried 40 wagons of bulk canola grain
✅ Eliminates border transshipment under the revised India–Nepal Rail Transit Protocol
✅ Reduces logistics costs, cargo damage and transit time
🔆 SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
📍 Astronomers Discover Actively Forming Blue Straggler Star
✅ Blue Straggler Stars (BSS) appear hotter, brighter and more massive than neighbouring stars
✅ Form through mass transfer from a companion or stellar mergers
✅ Newly discovered BSS has 1.67 solar masses
✅ Companion star has about 0.32 solar mass
✅ Discovery provides insights into stellar evolution and star cluster dynamics
📍 Andromeda Galaxy’s Star Formation Declines
✅ Star formation has declined significantly, especially over the last 40 million years
✅ Andromeda is around 2–2.5 times wider than the Milky Way
✅ Scientists identified a “dead zone” near satellite galaxy M32
✅ Milky Way and Andromeda have a possibility of colliding within the next 10 billion years
📍 China Tests World’s Largest Superconducting Fusion Magnet
✅ Developed for China’s “Artificial Sun” nuclear fusion project
✅ Weight: 582 metric tonnes
✅ Magnetic field strength: 6.5 Tesla
✅ Operates at around −269°C
✅ Carries electrical current exceeding 100,000 amperes
✅ Designed lifespan: 60 years
#CurrentAffairs
🔆 HISTORY, ART & CULTURE
📍 650th Birth Anniversary of Sant Guru Ravidas
✅ Government launched Samarasya Sankalp Abhiyan to commemorate the 650th birth anniversary of Sant Guru Ravidas
✅ Campaign runs from 29 July 2026 to 20 February 2027 (Magha Purnima)
✅ Guru Ravidas was a 15th–16th century Bhakti movement saint and mystic poet
✅ His hymns are included in the Guru Granth Sahib
✅ His compositions also appear in the Panch Vani of the Dadu Panthi tradition
🔆 GEOGRAPHY
📍 Kosi–Mechi Link Project
✅ Targeted for completion by March 2029
✅ Included under PMKSY–Accelerated Irrigation Benefit Programme (AIBP)
✅ India and Nepal continue dialogue on Kosi River dam projects
✅ Joint Project Office (JPO-SKSKI) established in 2003 is preparing DPRs for the Sapta Kosi Multipurpose Project
🔆 INTERNATIONAL
📍 UNESCO Updates List of World Heritage in Danger
✅ During the 48th Session in Busan, Republic of Korea, UNESCO added 6 new sites to the List of World Heritage in Danger
✅ Mechanism created under the 1972 World Heritage Convention
✅ Aims to mobilise international assistance, funding and conservation efforts
✅ Newly added sites include Boma-Badingilo (South Sudan), Tyre & Mount Amel Castles (Lebanon), Sebastia (Palestine), Taurica Chersonese (Ukraine) and Historic Inner City of Paramaribo (Suriname)
📍 UNESCO Adds 25 New World Heritage Sites
✅ UNESCO added 25 new World Heritage Sites, taking the global total to 1,273
✅ Sarnath became India’s newest World Heritage Site
✅ First-ever inscriptions for three African countries
✅ All inscriptions adopted by consensus
📍 India Becomes World’s Second-Largest Supplier of Seafarers
✅ India now ranks 2nd globally, after the Philippines
✅ Contributes 311,936 seafarers, accounting for 12.16% of the global workforce
✅ India’s share increased from 5.2% (2015) to 12.16% (2026)
✅ Mission 20% aims to raise India’s global share to 20%
📍 Wildfire Crisis Intensifies Across Europe
✅ Major wildfires continue across France, Spain, Italy and parts of Scotland
✅ Gironde (France) emerged as Europe’s largest wildfire hotspot
✅ Spain remains under a national emergency due to wildfires
✅ Extreme heat and climate change continue to intensify wildfire risks
🔆 ECONOMY
📍 India’s First Direct Commercial Container Freight Train to Nepal
✅ First direct commercial freight service reached Biratnagar Customs Yard, Nepal
✅ Route: Shyama Prasad Mukherjee Port (Kolkata) – Jogbani – Biratnagar
✅ Train carried 40 wagons of bulk canola grain
✅ Eliminates border transshipment under the revised India–Nepal Rail Transit Protocol
✅ Reduces logistics costs, cargo damage and transit time
🔆 SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
📍 Astronomers Discover Actively Forming Blue Straggler Star
✅ Blue Straggler Stars (BSS) appear hotter, brighter and more massive than neighbouring stars
✅ Form through mass transfer from a companion or stellar mergers
✅ Newly discovered BSS has 1.67 solar masses
✅ Companion star has about 0.32 solar mass
✅ Discovery provides insights into stellar evolution and star cluster dynamics
📍 Andromeda Galaxy’s Star Formation Declines
✅ Star formation has declined significantly, especially over the last 40 million years
✅ Andromeda is around 2–2.5 times wider than the Milky Way
✅ Scientists identified a “dead zone” near satellite galaxy M32
✅ Milky Way and Andromeda have a possibility of colliding within the next 10 billion years
📍 China Tests World’s Largest Superconducting Fusion Magnet
✅ Developed for China’s “Artificial Sun” nuclear fusion project
✅ Weight: 582 metric tonnes
✅ Magnetic field strength: 6.5 Tesla
✅ Operates at around −269°C
✅ Carries electrical current exceeding 100,000 amperes
✅ Designed lifespan: 60 years
#CurrentAffairs
❤8
SOCIETY NOTES Mains shorts notes anmol vachan
STOP Reading Multiple Sources! Master the Society syllabus with one compact, high-quality notes package.
📖 What's Inside?
• Complete UPSC Mains Society syllabus
• Crisp & examiner-oriented content in just 35+ pages
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🎯 Designed to Maximize Marks, Not Just Knowledge!
💸 Price: ₹99 Only
Contact - @Mains_Short_notes_bot
A small investment for marks that can make a big difference in your UPSC journey.
STOP Reading Multiple Sources! Master the Society syllabus with one compact, high-quality notes package.
📖 What's Inside?
• Complete UPSC Mains Society syllabus
• Crisp & examiner-oriented content in just 35+ pages
• Latest examples & current affairs integration
• Last-minute revision friendly
• PNG IMAGE format Telegram channel
🎯 Designed to Maximize Marks, Not Just Knowledge!
💸 Price: ₹99 Only
Contact - @Mains_Short_notes_bot
A small investment for marks that can make a big difference in your UPSC journey.
❤2