Ann_Sch_Int_Rollwise_HCS_21_09_2026 (1).pdf
1.2 MB
HPSC HCS Interview Schedule 2026 OUT
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⏳243 days left CSP27 [ 23-05-27]
⏳332 days left CSM27 [ 20-08-27]
⏳89 days left EPFO 20 December
⏳75 days left UPPSC/RAS prelims 6 December
⏳69 Days left UKPSC 29 November
⏳62 days left Ifos mains 22 November
⏳55 days left KAS prelims 15 Nov
⏳37 days left OPSC mains 29 Oct
⏳33 days left 72nd BPSC Prelims 25 oct
#Target
#TargetOnlyone
#Accountability
https://t.me/anmolvachan1
🔆 ONE-LINERS | 19-09-2026
🔆 POLITY & GOVERNANCE
📍 Passport Rules for Children Below 15 Years
🟢 Under the Passports (Amendment) Rules, 2026, passports issued to children below 15 years will be valid for 5 years or until they turn 18, whichever is earlier.
🟢 Applies to ordinary passports with 36 pages.
🟢 Children below 15 must leave the “Validity Required” section blank.
🟢 Children below 8 years are eligible for a 10% discount on fresh passport application fees.
🟢 The rules also revise fees for fresh and reissued passports.
📍 Tulu: Karnataka’s Additional Administrative Language
🟢 Karnataka announced Tulu as the state’s second additional administrative language in Udupi and Dakshina Kannada districts.
🟢 Language family: Dravidian; spoken mainly in coastal Karnataka and Kasaragod, Kerala. The region is known as Tulu Nadu.
🟢 Tulu has a history spanning over 2,000 years and is distinct from Kannada and Malayalam.
🟢 Script: Tulu had its own script, used in works from the 15th–18th centuries; contemporary literature is largely written in Kannada script.
🟢 Tulu is a non-scheduled language and is not included in the Constitution’s Eighth Schedule.
🔆 INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS
📍 Oman’s Sohar Port
🟢 SOHAR Port & Freezone is a major deep-sea port and industrial hub on Oman’s northern coast, outside the Strait of Hormuz, between Dubai and Muscat.
🟢 Operational since 2004, it covers 21 million sq. m and includes logistics, petrochemicals, metals and food clusters.
🟢 Its food cluster includes Oman’s first dedicated agricultural-products terminal.
🟢 A proposed green corridor with UAE’s Jebel Ali Port aims to facilitate faster customs clearance for Indian goods.
🟢 Other major Omani ports: Salalah and Duqm.
🟢 GCC members: Bahrain, Kuwait, Oman, Qatar, Saudi Arabia and the UAE.
📍 India–Japan: 75 Years of Diplomatic Relations
🟢 2027 marks 75 years of India–Japan diplomatic relations, established in 1952.
🟢 Designated as the “India–Japan Year of Shared Horizons.”
🟢 The week of 28 April 2027 will be observed as India–Japan Week.
🟢 Partnership milestones: Global Partnership (2000) → Strategic and Global Partnership (2006) → Special Strategic and Global Partnership (2014).
🟢 IMAGE-75: Manga, anime and gaming cooperation.
🟢 SPORT-75 & Cricket Kizuna-75: Sports exchanges and cricket coaching initiatives.
🟢 RASA-75: Arts, music and cultural exchanges.
🟢 Business Connect-75: Links Indian industrial clusters with Japanese banks and enterprises.
🟢 MIRAI-VIGYAN-75: Science, technology, academic and space cooperation, including the LUPEX lunar mission.
🟢 A Buddhist pilgrimage initiative will promote spiritual tourism between the two countries.
📍 US Major Drug Transit List — FY2027
🟢 The US identified 23 countries, including India, China and Pakistan, as major drug transit or illicit drug-producing countries.
🟢 Afghanistan, Bolivia, Burma and Colombia were separately identified as having “failed demonstrably” to meet international counternarcotics obligations.
🟢 India, China and Pakistan were not placed in this category.
🟢 The US acknowledged India’s efforts against illicit opium cultivation and to strengthen supply-chain integrity.
🟢 China: Identified as a major producer of precursor chemicals used in illicit synthetic drugs, including fentanyl and methamphetamine.
🟢 Pakistan: Identified as a major drug transit or illicit drug-producing country.
🔆 ENVIRONMENT
📍 First Soil Carbon Credit Payments to Farmers
🟢 Farmers in Punjab and Haryana received India’s first soil-carbon-credit payments through Direct Benefit Transfer (DBT).
🟢 Linked to the Aadi farmer carbon programme, launched by Grow Indigo in 2019 with technical guidance from ICAR.
🟢 Covers over 2 million acres and 1 lakh farmers across 7 states.
🟢 More than 2,500 farmers received over ₹2.9 crore; individual payments ranged from ₹3,000 to ₹15,000.
🟢 1 carbon credit = 1 metric tonne of CO₂ equivalent removed or reduced.
🟢 Credits issued under Verra VM0042 methodology.
🟢 Practices include no-till farming, cover cropping, direct-seeded rice, crop-residue management and water conservation.
📍 Sal Trees & Sal Borer Outbreak
🟢 Permission was granted to cut over 1.56 lakh sal trees affected by sal borer in Madhya Pradesh.
🟢 Sal:Shorea robusta, also known as Sakhua or Saal; a major native tree of tropical moist and dry deciduous forests.
🟢 Sal borer:Hoplocerambyx spinicornis, a longhorn beetle whose larvae hollow out tree trunks.
🟢 Affected areas include Dindori and Anuppur (Amarkantak) districts.
🟢 An infestation is classified as an epidemic when affected trees exceed 1% of the total forest stand.
📍 World Bamboo Day 2026
🟢 Observed globally on 18 September to promote bamboo’s sustainable, economic and ecological value.
🟢 Theme: “Bamboo Beyond Borders.”
🟢 Promoted by the World Bamboo Organisation (WBO); formally declared at the 8th World Bamboo Congress in Bangkok in 2009.
🟢 Nagaland: Introduced “The Green Gold Barn,” blending traditional bamboo use with modern innovation.
🟢 Maharashtra: Bamboo Research and Training Centre, Chichpalli, hosted World Bamboo Week 2026 with competitions and technology showcases.
🔆 TECHNOLOGY
📍 ‘OneTag’ FASTag Portability
🟢 OneTag is a new NETC FASTag portability facility allowing users to change their issuer bank while retaining the same physical tag.
🟢 Developed jointly by IHMCL and NPCI.
🟢 Available through the Rajmarg Yatra app.
🟢 Works like mobile number portability: users retain the same FASTag ID and vehicle registration.
🟢 A fresh KYC is required when switching banks.
🟢 FASTag has over 98% penetration and around 13 crore users.
🔆 SPECIES
📍 Ariosoma cmfriense: New Conger Eel Species
🟢 A new conger eel species was described from the Arabian Sea, named after the Central Marine Fisheries Research Institute (CMFRI) on its 80th anniversary.
🟢 Found at around 300 m depth off Kollam, Kerala.
🟢 Identified using morphological characteristics and molecular evidence.
🟢 Distinguished from 12 recognised Ariosoma species reported from Indian and neighbouring waters.
🟢 Key features: 135 total vertebrae, 127–130 lateral-line pores, two supraorbital pores and a dorsal fin origin just ahead of the pectoral-fin base.
🟢 Also features a plain pectoral fin, a dark opercular patch and fine black speckling below the lateral line.
🔆 MISCELLANEOUS
📍 International Equal Pay Day 2026
🟢 Observed on 18 September, coordinated by the UN, ILO and UN Women.
🟢 Theme: “Equal Pay for Work of Equal Value — For Everyone, Everywhere.”
🟢 Focuses on eliminating gender-based wage discrimination and ensuring equal remuneration for work of equal value.
🟢 The principle is enshrined in ILO Equal Remuneration Convention No. 100.
🟢 According to figures cited by UN Women, women globally earn roughly 77 cents for every dollar earned by men.
#CurrentAffairs
🔆 POLITY & GOVERNANCE
📍 Passport Rules for Children Below 15 Years
🟢 Under the Passports (Amendment) Rules, 2026, passports issued to children below 15 years will be valid for 5 years or until they turn 18, whichever is earlier.
🟢 Applies to ordinary passports with 36 pages.
🟢 Children below 15 must leave the “Validity Required” section blank.
🟢 Children below 8 years are eligible for a 10% discount on fresh passport application fees.
🟢 The rules also revise fees for fresh and reissued passports.
📍 Tulu: Karnataka’s Additional Administrative Language
🟢 Karnataka announced Tulu as the state’s second additional administrative language in Udupi and Dakshina Kannada districts.
🟢 Language family: Dravidian; spoken mainly in coastal Karnataka and Kasaragod, Kerala. The region is known as Tulu Nadu.
🟢 Tulu has a history spanning over 2,000 years and is distinct from Kannada and Malayalam.
🟢 Script: Tulu had its own script, used in works from the 15th–18th centuries; contemporary literature is largely written in Kannada script.
🟢 Tulu is a non-scheduled language and is not included in the Constitution’s Eighth Schedule.
🔆 INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS
📍 Oman’s Sohar Port
🟢 SOHAR Port & Freezone is a major deep-sea port and industrial hub on Oman’s northern coast, outside the Strait of Hormuz, between Dubai and Muscat.
🟢 Operational since 2004, it covers 21 million sq. m and includes logistics, petrochemicals, metals and food clusters.
🟢 Its food cluster includes Oman’s first dedicated agricultural-products terminal.
🟢 A proposed green corridor with UAE’s Jebel Ali Port aims to facilitate faster customs clearance for Indian goods.
🟢 Other major Omani ports: Salalah and Duqm.
🟢 GCC members: Bahrain, Kuwait, Oman, Qatar, Saudi Arabia and the UAE.
📍 India–Japan: 75 Years of Diplomatic Relations
🟢 2027 marks 75 years of India–Japan diplomatic relations, established in 1952.
🟢 Designated as the “India–Japan Year of Shared Horizons.”
🟢 The week of 28 April 2027 will be observed as India–Japan Week.
🟢 Partnership milestones: Global Partnership (2000) → Strategic and Global Partnership (2006) → Special Strategic and Global Partnership (2014).
🟢 IMAGE-75: Manga, anime and gaming cooperation.
🟢 SPORT-75 & Cricket Kizuna-75: Sports exchanges and cricket coaching initiatives.
🟢 RASA-75: Arts, music and cultural exchanges.
🟢 Business Connect-75: Links Indian industrial clusters with Japanese banks and enterprises.
🟢 MIRAI-VIGYAN-75: Science, technology, academic and space cooperation, including the LUPEX lunar mission.
🟢 A Buddhist pilgrimage initiative will promote spiritual tourism between the two countries.
📍 US Major Drug Transit List — FY2027
🟢 The US identified 23 countries, including India, China and Pakistan, as major drug transit or illicit drug-producing countries.
🟢 Afghanistan, Bolivia, Burma and Colombia were separately identified as having “failed demonstrably” to meet international counternarcotics obligations.
🟢 India, China and Pakistan were not placed in this category.
🟢 The US acknowledged India’s efforts against illicit opium cultivation and to strengthen supply-chain integrity.
🟢 China: Identified as a major producer of precursor chemicals used in illicit synthetic drugs, including fentanyl and methamphetamine.
🟢 Pakistan: Identified as a major drug transit or illicit drug-producing country.
🔆 ENVIRONMENT
📍 First Soil Carbon Credit Payments to Farmers
🟢 Farmers in Punjab and Haryana received India’s first soil-carbon-credit payments through Direct Benefit Transfer (DBT).
🟢 Linked to the Aadi farmer carbon programme, launched by Grow Indigo in 2019 with technical guidance from ICAR.
🟢 Covers over 2 million acres and 1 lakh farmers across 7 states.
🟢 More than 2,500 farmers received over ₹2.9 crore; individual payments ranged from ₹3,000 to ₹15,000.
🟢 1 carbon credit = 1 metric tonne of CO₂ equivalent removed or reduced.
🟢 Credits issued under Verra VM0042 methodology.
🟢 Practices include no-till farming, cover cropping, direct-seeded rice, crop-residue management and water conservation.
📍 Sal Trees & Sal Borer Outbreak
🟢 Permission was granted to cut over 1.56 lakh sal trees affected by sal borer in Madhya Pradesh.
🟢 Sal:Shorea robusta, also known as Sakhua or Saal; a major native tree of tropical moist and dry deciduous forests.
🟢 Sal borer:Hoplocerambyx spinicornis, a longhorn beetle whose larvae hollow out tree trunks.
🟢 Affected areas include Dindori and Anuppur (Amarkantak) districts.
🟢 An infestation is classified as an epidemic when affected trees exceed 1% of the total forest stand.
📍 World Bamboo Day 2026
🟢 Observed globally on 18 September to promote bamboo’s sustainable, economic and ecological value.
🟢 Theme: “Bamboo Beyond Borders.”
🟢 Promoted by the World Bamboo Organisation (WBO); formally declared at the 8th World Bamboo Congress in Bangkok in 2009.
🟢 Nagaland: Introduced “The Green Gold Barn,” blending traditional bamboo use with modern innovation.
🟢 Maharashtra: Bamboo Research and Training Centre, Chichpalli, hosted World Bamboo Week 2026 with competitions and technology showcases.
🔆 TECHNOLOGY
📍 ‘OneTag’ FASTag Portability
🟢 OneTag is a new NETC FASTag portability facility allowing users to change their issuer bank while retaining the same physical tag.
🟢 Developed jointly by IHMCL and NPCI.
🟢 Available through the Rajmarg Yatra app.
🟢 Works like mobile number portability: users retain the same FASTag ID and vehicle registration.
🟢 A fresh KYC is required when switching banks.
🟢 FASTag has over 98% penetration and around 13 crore users.
🔆 SPECIES
📍 Ariosoma cmfriense: New Conger Eel Species
🟢 A new conger eel species was described from the Arabian Sea, named after the Central Marine Fisheries Research Institute (CMFRI) on its 80th anniversary.
🟢 Found at around 300 m depth off Kollam, Kerala.
🟢 Identified using morphological characteristics and molecular evidence.
🟢 Distinguished from 12 recognised Ariosoma species reported from Indian and neighbouring waters.
🟢 Key features: 135 total vertebrae, 127–130 lateral-line pores, two supraorbital pores and a dorsal fin origin just ahead of the pectoral-fin base.
🟢 Also features a plain pectoral fin, a dark opercular patch and fine black speckling below the lateral line.
🔆 MISCELLANEOUS
📍 International Equal Pay Day 2026
🟢 Observed on 18 September, coordinated by the UN, ILO and UN Women.
🟢 Theme: “Equal Pay for Work of Equal Value — For Everyone, Everywhere.”
🟢 Focuses on eliminating gender-based wage discrimination and ensuring equal remuneration for work of equal value.
🟢 The principle is enshrined in ILO Equal Remuneration Convention No. 100.
🟢 According to figures cited by UN Women, women globally earn roughly 77 cents for every dollar earned by men.
#CurrentAffairs
❤5
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📚 60 PAGES | REVISION-FRIENDLY | PRELIMS-ORIENTED | MCQ-FOCUSED
🚀 WHAT'S INSIDE?
• Important Articles & Constitutional Provisions
• Fundamental Rights | DPSP | Fundamental Duties
• Parliament & State Legislature
• President | Vice-President | Governor
• Supreme Court & High Courts
• Constitutional & Statutory Bodies
• Centre-State Relations
• Emergency Provisions
• Local Government & Panchayati Raj
• Schedules | Amendments | Important Acts
• Prelims Facts | MCQ Traps | Confusing Concepts
• Quick Revision Points for last-minute preparation
🔥 WHY THESE NOTES?
✅ Less Reading
✅ More Revision
✅ Better Recall
✅ Important Facts at One Place
✅ Designed specifically for Prelims Revision & MCQ Practice
📱 FORMAT: PNG IMAGE ONLY ❌ No PDF ❌ No Save Option
💥 60 PAGES OF POLITY
Compact. Exam-Oriented. Revision-Friendly.
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👉🏻Features:
1) Unlimited GS + Essay + Optional evaluation till Mains by Toppers
2) One-on-One Mentorship Support
3) Freedom to practice questions from any source
4) Additional Access to our curated Question Bank
5) Full Length Tests of any institute covered
6) Access to Toppers Copies
7) Answer Writing Courses by Rank Holders
And much more!
👉🏻 To subscribe visit: ConvertIAS.com
For any query: t.me/ConvertIAS or 9108075088
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🔆 CHARTER ACT OF 1813
📚 UPSC HISTORY | Modern India
📍 Why was the Charter Act of 1813 introduced?
🟢 Economic Reasons
• Industrial Revolution created pressure to open the Indian market to British merchants.
• British industrialists viewed India as a large market for factory-made goods and a supplier of raw materials.
• Company rule was expected to facilitate law and order and commercial conditions for British trade.
🟢 Ideological Reasons
• The defeat of Napoleon and success of the Industrial Revolution strengthened the confidence of Utilitarians and Liberals in Britain.
• Thinkers such as Adam Smith, Jeremy Bentham, James Mill, John Stuart Mill and Thomas Macaulay emphasised science, reason, law and government.
• They believed these principles could also be used to improve conditions in India.
🟢 Evangelical Influence
• Charles Grant and William Wilberforce advocated the spread of Christianity and education.
• They sought to eradicate what they considered ignorance and superstition.
• Charles Grant argued that Britain had a duty to civilise Indians and promote their material prosperity.
• Evangelicals demanded permission for Christian missionaries to enter India.
📍 Major Provisions
🟢 End of Company’s Trade Monopoly: Trade with India was opened to all British merchants and free traders.
🟢 The Company retained its monopoly over tea trade and trade with China.
🟢 The Act asserted the sovereignty of the British Crown over the Company’s territories in India.
🟢 Christian missionaries were permitted to enter India.
🟢 Provision was made for the spread of education, revival of literature and promotion of sciences among the inhabitants of British territories.
🟢 ₹1 lakh annually was earmarked for promoting education among Indians.
🟢 The General Committee on Public Instruction was later established and headed by H. Wilson.
🟢 Plans were made for a Sanskrit College at Calcutta, Oriental colleges at Agra and Delhi, and financial assistance to existing tols and madrasas.
🟢 Local governments were authorised to impose taxes and punish persons for non-payment.
📍 Economic Impact — Deindustrialisation
🟢 India increasingly became a supplier of raw materials while its economy was controlled from outside.
🟢 British factory-made goods flooded Indian markets.
🟢 Protective duties in Britain restricted the entry of Indian manufactured goods.
🟢 India’s traditional cotton textile industry declined as it could not compete with industrially produced British textiles.
🟢 Raw-material producers became vulnerable to international economic cycles and fluctuations.
📍 Chinese Opium Trade
🟢 With the loss of the Company’s monopoly over Indian trade, China became increasingly important for the Company’s trade network.
🟢 Raw cotton and opium became important sources of revenue.
🟢 Revenue from these activities helped finance the procurement of Chinese tea for export to Britain.
🟢 Opium cultivation was concentrated initially in Bihar and later expanded into Malwa.
🟢 Cultivation was tightly controlled through advances to growers, while opium was also sold to private British traders who smuggled it into China.
🟢 The notes highlight that profits from opium sales amounted to about 20% of Indian revenues and supported the Company’s finances.
📍 Education & Missionary Dimension
🟢 The Act marked an important step towards state-supported education in India.
🟢 However, the notes also emphasise that education had a colonial objective, including creating a sense of commitment among Company officials and training Indians.
🟢 The missionary provision also contributed to concerns regarding religious influence and conversions.
#history #prelims #mains
Join https://t.me/CSE_EXAM https://t.me/Upsc_4_history
📚 UPSC HISTORY | Modern India
📍 Why was the Charter Act of 1813 introduced?
🟢 Economic Reasons
• Industrial Revolution created pressure to open the Indian market to British merchants.
• British industrialists viewed India as a large market for factory-made goods and a supplier of raw materials.
• Company rule was expected to facilitate law and order and commercial conditions for British trade.
🟢 Ideological Reasons
• The defeat of Napoleon and success of the Industrial Revolution strengthened the confidence of Utilitarians and Liberals in Britain.
• Thinkers such as Adam Smith, Jeremy Bentham, James Mill, John Stuart Mill and Thomas Macaulay emphasised science, reason, law and government.
• They believed these principles could also be used to improve conditions in India.
🟢 Evangelical Influence
• Charles Grant and William Wilberforce advocated the spread of Christianity and education.
• They sought to eradicate what they considered ignorance and superstition.
• Charles Grant argued that Britain had a duty to civilise Indians and promote their material prosperity.
• Evangelicals demanded permission for Christian missionaries to enter India.
📍 Major Provisions
🟢 End of Company’s Trade Monopoly: Trade with India was opened to all British merchants and free traders.
🟢 The Company retained its monopoly over tea trade and trade with China.
🟢 The Act asserted the sovereignty of the British Crown over the Company’s territories in India.
🟢 Christian missionaries were permitted to enter India.
🟢 Provision was made for the spread of education, revival of literature and promotion of sciences among the inhabitants of British territories.
🟢 ₹1 lakh annually was earmarked for promoting education among Indians.
🟢 The General Committee on Public Instruction was later established and headed by H. Wilson.
🟢 Plans were made for a Sanskrit College at Calcutta, Oriental colleges at Agra and Delhi, and financial assistance to existing tols and madrasas.
🟢 Local governments were authorised to impose taxes and punish persons for non-payment.
📍 Economic Impact — Deindustrialisation
🟢 India increasingly became a supplier of raw materials while its economy was controlled from outside.
🟢 British factory-made goods flooded Indian markets.
🟢 Protective duties in Britain restricted the entry of Indian manufactured goods.
🟢 India’s traditional cotton textile industry declined as it could not compete with industrially produced British textiles.
🟢 Raw-material producers became vulnerable to international economic cycles and fluctuations.
📍 Chinese Opium Trade
🟢 With the loss of the Company’s monopoly over Indian trade, China became increasingly important for the Company’s trade network.
🟢 Raw cotton and opium became important sources of revenue.
🟢 Revenue from these activities helped finance the procurement of Chinese tea for export to Britain.
🟢 Opium cultivation was concentrated initially in Bihar and later expanded into Malwa.
🟢 Cultivation was tightly controlled through advances to growers, while opium was also sold to private British traders who smuggled it into China.
🟢 The notes highlight that profits from opium sales amounted to about 20% of Indian revenues and supported the Company’s finances.
📍 Education & Missionary Dimension
🟢 The Act marked an important step towards state-supported education in India.
🟢 However, the notes also emphasise that education had a colonial objective, including creating a sense of commitment among Company officials and training Indians.
🟢 The missionary provision also contributed to concerns regarding religious influence and conversions.
#history #prelims #mains
Join https://t.me/CSE_EXAM https://t.me/Upsc_4_history
❤2
🔆 AADI FARMER CARBON PROGRAMME
📍 Why in News?
🟢 India’s first soil-carbon payments will reach 2,550 farmers in Punjab and Haryana under the ‘Aadi’ Farmer Carbon Programme.
🟢 Farmers are set to receive more than ₹2.9 crore through digital payments.
📍 About Aadi Programme
🟢 Launched by Grow Indigo in 2019 with technical guidance from ICAR.
🟢 It is described as India’s first flagship farmer-carbon programme to issue agricultural carbon credits under Verra’s VM0042 methodology.
🟢 Nodal Ministry: Ministry of Agriculture & Farmers Welfare.
🟢 It involves ICAR institutions, agricultural universities, KVKs and State institutions.
📍 Objective
🟢 Encourage regenerative and climate-smart agriculture.
🟢 Provide farmers with an additional source of income through carbon credits.
🟢 Promote better soil health and climate resilience in Punjab and Haryana.
📍 Key Practices
🟢 Direct Seeded Rice (DSR)
🟢 Reduced tillage
🟢 Improved crop-residue management
🟢 Water conservation
📍 How Carbon Credits Were Generated?
🟢 Greenhouse-gas reductions and increases in soil carbon resulting from improved farming practices were scientifically measured and independently verified.
🟢 Carbon credits were then issued based on the verified results.
📍 First Carbon Credit Issuance
🟢 Covered around 30,000 acres.
🟢 Generated 50,000+ carbon credits.
🟢 Participating farmers received approximately ₹3,000–₹15,000, depending on their share of carbon credits generated from their fields.
📍 Payment Mechanism
🟢 Grow Indigo released payments from its own funds before the carbon credits were fully sold.
🟢 This allowed farmers to receive payments without waiting for sale proceeds.
🟢 Farmers could choose between an assured upfront payment and 75% of net carbon revenue after carbon-credit sales.
📍 Scale of the Programme
🟢 Currently covers 20 lakh+ acres.
🟢 Covers 1 lakh+ farmers across 7 states.
📌 PRELIMS FOCUS
🟢 VM0042: Verra methodology for quantifying GHG reductions and soil-carbon storage from improved agricultural land management.
🟢 DSR: Direct Seeded Rice
🟢 Carbon credits: Financial mechanism linked to verified emission reductions/removals.
🟢 Aadi: Farmer-carbon programme focused on regenerative and climate-smart agriculture.
✍️ MAINS PRACTICE
Discuss how soil-carbon markets can promote regenerative agriculture while creating an additional income stream for Indian farmers.
#goverment_schemes
Join https://t.me/PIB_UPSC
https://t.me/upsc_government_scheme
📍 Why in News?
🟢 India’s first soil-carbon payments will reach 2,550 farmers in Punjab and Haryana under the ‘Aadi’ Farmer Carbon Programme.
🟢 Farmers are set to receive more than ₹2.9 crore through digital payments.
📍 About Aadi Programme
🟢 Launched by Grow Indigo in 2019 with technical guidance from ICAR.
🟢 It is described as India’s first flagship farmer-carbon programme to issue agricultural carbon credits under Verra’s VM0042 methodology.
🟢 Nodal Ministry: Ministry of Agriculture & Farmers Welfare.
🟢 It involves ICAR institutions, agricultural universities, KVKs and State institutions.
📍 Objective
🟢 Encourage regenerative and climate-smart agriculture.
🟢 Provide farmers with an additional source of income through carbon credits.
🟢 Promote better soil health and climate resilience in Punjab and Haryana.
📍 Key Practices
🟢 Direct Seeded Rice (DSR)
🟢 Reduced tillage
🟢 Improved crop-residue management
🟢 Water conservation
📍 How Carbon Credits Were Generated?
🟢 Greenhouse-gas reductions and increases in soil carbon resulting from improved farming practices were scientifically measured and independently verified.
🟢 Carbon credits were then issued based on the verified results.
📍 First Carbon Credit Issuance
🟢 Covered around 30,000 acres.
🟢 Generated 50,000+ carbon credits.
🟢 Participating farmers received approximately ₹3,000–₹15,000, depending on their share of carbon credits generated from their fields.
📍 Payment Mechanism
🟢 Grow Indigo released payments from its own funds before the carbon credits were fully sold.
🟢 This allowed farmers to receive payments without waiting for sale proceeds.
🟢 Farmers could choose between an assured upfront payment and 75% of net carbon revenue after carbon-credit sales.
📍 Scale of the Programme
🟢 Currently covers 20 lakh+ acres.
🟢 Covers 1 lakh+ farmers across 7 states.
📌 PRELIMS FOCUS
🟢 VM0042: Verra methodology for quantifying GHG reductions and soil-carbon storage from improved agricultural land management.
🟢 DSR: Direct Seeded Rice
🟢 Carbon credits: Financial mechanism linked to verified emission reductions/removals.
🟢 Aadi: Farmer-carbon programme focused on regenerative and climate-smart agriculture.
✍️ MAINS PRACTICE
Discuss how soil-carbon markets can promote regenerative agriculture while creating an additional income stream for Indian farmers.
#goverment_schemes
Join https://t.me/PIB_UPSC
https://t.me/upsc_government_scheme
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#Goodmorning
⏳242 days left CSP27 [ 23-05-27]
⏳331 days left CSM27 [ 20-08-27]
⏳88 days left EPFO 20 December
⏳74 days left UPPSC/RAS prelims 6 December
⏳68 Days left UKPSC 29 November
⏳61 days left Ifos mains 22 November
⏳54 days left KAS prelims 15 Nov
⏳36 days left OPSC mains 29 Oct
⏳32 days left 72nd BPSC Prelims 25 oct
#Target
#TargetOnlyone
#Accountability
https://t.me/anmolvachan1
⏳242 days left CSP27 [ 23-05-27]
⏳331 days left CSM27 [ 20-08-27]
⏳88 days left EPFO 20 December
⏳74 days left UPPSC/RAS prelims 6 December
⏳68 Days left UKPSC 29 November
⏳61 days left Ifos mains 22 November
⏳54 days left KAS prelims 15 Nov
⏳36 days left OPSC mains 29 Oct
⏳32 days left 72nd BPSC Prelims 25 oct
#Target
#TargetOnlyone
#Accountability
https://t.me/anmolvachan1
❤5
🔆 ONE-LINERS | 22 SEPTEMBER 2026
📚 UPSC Current Affairs | AnmolVachan1
🔆 SOCIAL ISSUES
📍 Biovigilance Programme of India
🟢 Approved by the Government of India in September 2026 to monitor adverse events linked to medicines and biological products used in organ & tissue transplantation.
🟢 Lead Agency: Indian Pharmacopoeia Commission (IPC).
🟢 Covers products/medicines used by both donors and recipients.
🟢 Complements PvPI (drugs) and MvPI (medical devices), creating an integrated safety framework.
🔆 INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS
📍 Nomadic Elephant 2026
🟢 18th India–Mongolia Joint Military Exercise commenced on 21 September 2026 at Pithoragarh, Uttarakhand.
🟢 Duration: 21 September–3 October 2026.
🟢 Participants: 45 personnel each from Indian Army & Mongolian Armed Forces.
🟢 Focus: Counter-Insurgency Operations in semi-urban & mountainous terrain under a UN mandate.
🟢 Conducted annually and alternately in India and Mongolia.
🔆 ECONOMY
📍 Asia’s First Telecom Manufacturing Zone
🟢 Being established in Gwalior, Madhya Pradesh.
🟢 Investment proposals: approximately ₹5,500 crore.
🟢 24 global & domestic companies have initiated applications.
🟢 Common Testing Lab package: around ₹500 crore.
🟢 Products: mobile phones, fibre-optic cables, antennas, satellite gear & semiconductor components.
🟢 Expected to create 18,000+ direct jobs.
🟢 Aim: Reduce import dependence and strengthen domestic 5G/6G manufacturing.
🔆 ENVIRONMENT
📍 World Water Monitoring Day
🟢 Observed annually on 18 September; 2026 marked its 24th annual event.
🟢 Established in 2003 by America’s Clean Water Foundation.
🟢 Globally coordinated through the EarthEcho Water Challenge.
🟢 Key parameters: temperature, pH, turbidity & dissolved oxygen (DO).
🟢 Promotes community-based monitoring and protection of freshwater ecosystems.
📍 India’s Largest Solar Cell Facility
🟢 Premier Energies commissioned a 7 GW solar cell facility at Naidupeta, Andhra Pradesh.
🟢 Area: 101 acres | Investment: ₹3,293 crore.
🟢 Technology: N-type TOPCon G12R solar cells.
🟢 Target average efficiency: approximately 25.8% after stabilisation.
🟢 AI, digital systems & automated material handling integrated into production.
🟢 Total solar cell manufacturing capacity of the company rises to 10.6 GW.
📍 WWF Global Conservation Conference
🟢 Opened on 21 September 2026 in Jaipur, Rajasthan.
🟢 Delegates/leaders from 100+ countries participated.
🟢 Focus: biodiversity conservation, community participation & human–wildlife coexistence.
🟢 India’s protected areas increased from ~750 to 1,000+ over the past decade.
🟢 Tiger reserves: 47 → 58 | Elephant reserves: 30 → 33.
🟢 Ramsar sites: 24 → 101.
📍 Swachh Sagar, Surakshit Sagar 2026
🟢 5th edition conducted from 12–19 September 2026.
🟢 Led by Ministry of Earth Sciences and coordinated by NCCR.
🟢 Cleanup activities at 231 locations across 13 States/UTs.
🟢 15 lakh+ people took the Ocean Conservation Pledge.
🟢 Included initiatives such as the Sagar Prahari app and Ocean Olympiad.
🟢 Campaign culminated on International Coastal Cleanup Day.
🔆 SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
📍 Advanced Radar Research Centre – Project NETRA
🟢 ISRO is establishing the centre at Chandrapur near Guwahati, Assam.
🟢 Part of Project NETRA for Space Situational Awareness (SSA).
🟢 Land: approximately 67–70 acres.
🟢 Designed to track orbital objects as small as 10 cm within a range of 2,000 km.
🟢 Enables all-weather tracking, complementing optical telescopes such as Hanle, Ladakh.
🟢 Also supports research on clouds, atmosphere & regional meteorological phenomena.
🔆 SECURITY
📍 3rd National Conference of ANTF Heads
🟢 Inaugurated by Union Home Minister Amit Shah in New Delhi.
🟢 Organised by the Narcotics Control Bureau (NCB).
🟢 Heads of ANTFs from 36 States & UTs participated.
🟢 Theme: “United Resolve, Shared Responsibility”.
🟢 Reviews implementation of the Vision Document on Narcotics Control (2026–29).
🟢 Three-pronged approach:
🟢 Supply Reduction – disrupt trafficking & illicit supply chains.
🟢 Demand Reduction – awareness, prevention & rehabilitation.
🟢 Harm Reduction – reduce health & social consequences of drug abuse.
🟢 New NCB website launched and four TVCs released for drug-abuse awareness.
🔆 MISCELLANEOUS
📍 International Day of Peace
🟢 Observed globally on 21 September 2026.
🟢 2026 Theme:“Invest in Peace – For Everyone, Everywhere, Every Day.”
🟢 Declared in 1981 through a unanimous UN resolution.
🟢 Dedicated to non-violence, ceasefires and cessation of hostilities.
#CurrentAffairs
📚 UPSC Current Affairs | AnmolVachan1
🔆 SOCIAL ISSUES
📍 Biovigilance Programme of India
🟢 Approved by the Government of India in September 2026 to monitor adverse events linked to medicines and biological products used in organ & tissue transplantation.
🟢 Lead Agency: Indian Pharmacopoeia Commission (IPC).
🟢 Covers products/medicines used by both donors and recipients.
🟢 Complements PvPI (drugs) and MvPI (medical devices), creating an integrated safety framework.
🔆 INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS
📍 Nomadic Elephant 2026
🟢 18th India–Mongolia Joint Military Exercise commenced on 21 September 2026 at Pithoragarh, Uttarakhand.
🟢 Duration: 21 September–3 October 2026.
🟢 Participants: 45 personnel each from Indian Army & Mongolian Armed Forces.
🟢 Focus: Counter-Insurgency Operations in semi-urban & mountainous terrain under a UN mandate.
🟢 Conducted annually and alternately in India and Mongolia.
🔆 ECONOMY
📍 Asia’s First Telecom Manufacturing Zone
🟢 Being established in Gwalior, Madhya Pradesh.
🟢 Investment proposals: approximately ₹5,500 crore.
🟢 24 global & domestic companies have initiated applications.
🟢 Common Testing Lab package: around ₹500 crore.
🟢 Products: mobile phones, fibre-optic cables, antennas, satellite gear & semiconductor components.
🟢 Expected to create 18,000+ direct jobs.
🟢 Aim: Reduce import dependence and strengthen domestic 5G/6G manufacturing.
🔆 ENVIRONMENT
📍 World Water Monitoring Day
🟢 Observed annually on 18 September; 2026 marked its 24th annual event.
🟢 Established in 2003 by America’s Clean Water Foundation.
🟢 Globally coordinated through the EarthEcho Water Challenge.
🟢 Key parameters: temperature, pH, turbidity & dissolved oxygen (DO).
🟢 Promotes community-based monitoring and protection of freshwater ecosystems.
📍 India’s Largest Solar Cell Facility
🟢 Premier Energies commissioned a 7 GW solar cell facility at Naidupeta, Andhra Pradesh.
🟢 Area: 101 acres | Investment: ₹3,293 crore.
🟢 Technology: N-type TOPCon G12R solar cells.
🟢 Target average efficiency: approximately 25.8% after stabilisation.
🟢 AI, digital systems & automated material handling integrated into production.
🟢 Total solar cell manufacturing capacity of the company rises to 10.6 GW.
📍 WWF Global Conservation Conference
🟢 Opened on 21 September 2026 in Jaipur, Rajasthan.
🟢 Delegates/leaders from 100+ countries participated.
🟢 Focus: biodiversity conservation, community participation & human–wildlife coexistence.
🟢 India’s protected areas increased from ~750 to 1,000+ over the past decade.
🟢 Tiger reserves: 47 → 58 | Elephant reserves: 30 → 33.
🟢 Ramsar sites: 24 → 101.
📍 Swachh Sagar, Surakshit Sagar 2026
🟢 5th edition conducted from 12–19 September 2026.
🟢 Led by Ministry of Earth Sciences and coordinated by NCCR.
🟢 Cleanup activities at 231 locations across 13 States/UTs.
🟢 15 lakh+ people took the Ocean Conservation Pledge.
🟢 Included initiatives such as the Sagar Prahari app and Ocean Olympiad.
🟢 Campaign culminated on International Coastal Cleanup Day.
🔆 SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
📍 Advanced Radar Research Centre – Project NETRA
🟢 ISRO is establishing the centre at Chandrapur near Guwahati, Assam.
🟢 Part of Project NETRA for Space Situational Awareness (SSA).
🟢 Land: approximately 67–70 acres.
🟢 Designed to track orbital objects as small as 10 cm within a range of 2,000 km.
🟢 Enables all-weather tracking, complementing optical telescopes such as Hanle, Ladakh.
🟢 Also supports research on clouds, atmosphere & regional meteorological phenomena.
🔆 SECURITY
📍 3rd National Conference of ANTF Heads
🟢 Inaugurated by Union Home Minister Amit Shah in New Delhi.
🟢 Organised by the Narcotics Control Bureau (NCB).
🟢 Heads of ANTFs from 36 States & UTs participated.
🟢 Theme: “United Resolve, Shared Responsibility”.
🟢 Reviews implementation of the Vision Document on Narcotics Control (2026–29).
🟢 Three-pronged approach:
🟢 Supply Reduction – disrupt trafficking & illicit supply chains.
🟢 Demand Reduction – awareness, prevention & rehabilitation.
🟢 Harm Reduction – reduce health & social consequences of drug abuse.
🟢 New NCB website launched and four TVCs released for drug-abuse awareness.
🔆 MISCELLANEOUS
📍 International Day of Peace
🟢 Observed globally on 21 September 2026.
🟢 2026 Theme:“Invest in Peace – For Everyone, Everywhere, Every Day.”
🟢 Declared in 1981 through a unanimous UN resolution.
🟢 Dedicated to non-violence, ceasefires and cessation of hostilities.
#CurrentAffairs
❤5
PIB summary 15 September to 22 September
https://www.instagram.com/p/DdoE9snEgs0/?img_index=5&stkn=M3A4a3dycDRnbmQ4
https://www.instagram.com/p/DdoE9snEgs0/?img_index=5&stkn=M3A4a3dycDRnbmQ4
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