📚 EPFO APFC COMBO SHORT NOTES — ANMOL VACHAN

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🔥 SUBJECTS COVERED

📘 1. Accounting — 35+ Pages
• Accounting Principles, Journal, Ledger & Trial Balance
• Financial Statements, Ratio Analysis, BRS & Accounting Standards
• Rectification of Errors, Inventory & Important MCQ Facts

✍Sample notes 👉 CLICK HERE

⚖️ 2. Labour Code — 35+ Pages
• All Four Labour Codes
• EPF, ESI, EDLI & EPF & MP Act
• Old Laws vs New Codes, Key Provisions & Important PYQs

✍Sample notes 👉 CLICK HERE

📖 3. English Grammar — 50 Pages
• Important Grammar Rules & Structures
• Exceptions, Special Usages & Common Confusions
• Error Spotting, Exam Traps & Quick Revision Tables

✍Sample notes 👉 CLICK HERE

🛡️ 4. Insurance — 40 Pages
• concept, principal and evolution of insurance
• Life, General, Health & Social Insurance
• Government Insurance Schemes, LIC, GIC & IRDAI
• Important PYQs & High-Yield Facts
✍Sample notes 👉 click here

🔍 5. Auditing — 30+ Pages
• Types, Objectives & Principles of Auditing
• Audit Planning, Procedures, Evidence & Vouching
• Company Audit Provisions, Auditing Standards & PYQs
✍ Sample notes 👉 click here

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✅ Short, crisp & exam-oriented content
✅ Important facts, PYQs & quick revision tables
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✅ Based on syllabus and exam-relevant updates

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📲 FORMAT & ACCESS
• PNG images via Telegram channel
• No PDF | No Save Option
• Validity: August 2027

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🔆 ATHARVAVEDA

📍 UPSC Prelims | Ancient Indian History

🔆 KEY FEATURES
🟢 Also known as Brahmaveda, associated with the priest Brahma, considered the highest of the four Vedic priests.
🟢 Focuses on everyday concerns, including healing, health, longevity, prosperity, marriage, agriculture and spirituality.
🟢 Contains charms, spells and incantations addressing diseases, anxieties and harmful influences.
🟢 Mentions the Vedic assemblies of Sabha and Samiti.
🟢 Traditionally associated with Atharvan, Angirasa and Bhrigu.

🔆 STRUCTURE
🟢 Divided into 20 books (Kandas).
🟢 Contains 731 hymns, according to the supplied notes.
🟢 Patanjali mentions nine Shakhas.
🟢 Two surviving recensions: Shaunaka and Paippalada.
🟢 Traditionally regarded as an important textual source for the development of Ayurveda.

🔆 FOUR TYPES OF RITUALS
🟢 Shantika: Mitigation of evil and promotion of well-being.
🟢 Paushtika: Attainment of prosperity and abundance.
🟢 Adbhuta: Warding off evils attributed to unseen agencies.
🟢 Abhicharika: Rituals directed against enemies or harmful influences.

📍 PRELIMS QUICK REVISION
🟢 Brahmaveda — Atharvaveda.
🟢 20 Kandas — its book structure.
🟢 Shaunaka and Paippalada — surviving recensions.
🟢 Sabha and Samiti — Vedic assemblies mentioned in the text.

✍️ MAINS QUESTION
Discuss how the Atharvaveda provides insights into the everyday life, medical practices and religious beliefs of the Vedic people.

#history #prelims #mains

Join https://t.me/CSE_EXAM https://t.me/Upsc_4_history

UNESCO has added three new sites from India to the Tentative List of the World Heritage Convention:

1. Karst-mud-volcano Complex of Baratang, A&N Is.

2. Andaman Subduction Volcanoes, A&N Is.

3. Sirpur Cultural and Archaeological Landscape (Chhattisgarh

📚 EPFO APFC COMBO SHORT NOTES — ANMOL VACHAN

Struggling with lengthy books and confusing concepts? 🤦‍♂️

Get crisp, exam-focused Short Notes for EPFO APFC preparation and revise smarter! 🎯

🔥 SUBJECTS COVERED

📘 1. Accounting — 35+ Pages
• Accounting Principles, Journal, Ledger & Trial Balance
• Financial Statements, Ratio Analysis, BRS & Accounting Standards
• Rectification of Errors, Inventory & Important MCQ Facts

✍Sample notes 👉 CLICK HERE

⚖️ 2. Labour Code — 35+ Pages
• All Four Labour Codes
• EPF, ESI, EDLI & EPF & MP Act
• Old Laws vs New Codes, Key Provisions & Important PYQs

✍Sample notes 👉 CLICK HERE

📖 3. English Grammar — 50 Pages
• Important Grammar Rules & Structures
• Exceptions, Special Usages & Common Confusions
• Error Spotting, Exam Traps & Quick Revision Tables

✍Sample notes 👉 CLICK HERE

🛡️ 4. Insurance — 40 Pages
• concept, principal and evolution of insurance
• Life, General, Health & Social Insurance
• Government Insurance Schemes, LIC, GIC & IRDAI
• Important PYQs & High-Yield Facts
✍Sample notes 👉 click here

🔍 5. Auditing — 30+ Pages
• Types, Objectives & Principles of Auditing
• Audit Planning, Procedures, Evidence & Vouching
• Company Audit Provisions, Auditing Standards & PYQs
✍ Sample notes 👉 click here

✨ COMMON FEATURES
✅ Short, crisp & exam-oriented content
✅ Important facts, PYQs & quick revision tables
✅ Diagrams, tables & flowcharts
✅ Easy-to-revise format
✅ Based on syllabus and exam-relevant updates

💰 INDIVIDUAL & COMBO PRICING

📌 Any 1 Subject: /₹199/ → ₹99
📌 Any 2 Subjects: /₹398/ → ₹190 ( 52% OFF)
📌 Any 3 Subjects: /₹597/ → ₹250 (58% OFF)
📌 Any 4 Subjects: /₹796/ → ₹300 ( 62% OFF)
👑 ALL 5 SUBJECTS: /₹995/ → JUST ₹350!

🔥 Save ₹645 — 65% OFF!

📲 FORMAT & ACCESS
• PNG images via Telegram channel
• No PDF | No Save Option
• Validity: August 2027

🚀 Stop collecting bulky books. Start revising smarter!

Purchase 👉 https://t.me/EPFO_Notes_bot

🎯 Choose your combo and strengthen your EPFO APFC preparation with ANMOL VACHAN.

📩 Get your notes now!

🔆 GURUDWARA REFORM MOVEMENT

📍 Background
🟢 The Singh Sabha Movement (1873) began at Amritsar, promoting Western education among Sikhs and countering the influence of Christian missions and Hindu revivalist groups.

📍 Akali Movement
🟢 An offshoot of the Singh Sabha Movement, it aimed to free Sikh Gurudwaras from corrupt mahants supported by the British government.

🟢 In 1921, the Akalis launched a mass, non-violent Satyagraha against mahants to transfer Gurudwara management to local devotees.

📍 Government Response
🟢 The British enacted the Sikh Gurdwara Act, 1922, amended in 1925, transferring control of Gurudwaras to Sikh reformers.

🟢 As the movement increasingly aligned with the national movement, the government used repression against its more radical sections.

📍 Significance
🟢 The Akalis participated in India’s freedom struggle. Although the movement had a sectarian character, it was not considered a communal movement.

🔆 MAINS QUESTION
Discuss the role of the Gurudwara Reform Movement in Sikh religious reform and India’s national movement.

#history #prelims #mains

Join https://t.me/CSE_EXAM https://t.me/Upsc_4_history

19 October editorial summary

#editorial

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20 October editorial summary

#editorial

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EPFO notes click here

UNESCO has added three new sites from India to the Tentative List of the World Heritage Convention:

1. Karst-mud-volcano Complex of Baratang, A&N Is.

2. Andaman Subduction Volcanoes, A&N Is.

3. Sirpur Cultural and Archaeological Landscape (Chhattisgarh

1 to 19 October PIB summary

https://www.instagram.com/p/Des6U3LCNvp/?mdxt=MWNxamI2cjc1d2wyZA==

The I2 SEA submarine cable system

White Gold INDIA cotton story

https://t.me/CSE_EXAM

🔆 ONE-LINERS | 20 OCTOBER 2026

🔆 INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS
📍 World Health Summit 2026
🟢 Held on 11–13 October 2026 in Berlin, Germany, and online.
🟢 Theme: “From Crisis to Resilience – Innovating for Health.”
🟢 Participation: 4,000+ on-site participants, 50,000+ online attendees, 400+ speakers and 76+ sessions.
🟢 Key issues: pandemic preparedness, global health governance, women’s and children’s health, conflict-related health challenges and environmental determinants of health.
🟢 The Lancet Commission highlighted potential catastrophic threats from malicious AI use and nuclear conflict.
🟢 Announced initiatives included a planned €250 million Bangladesh–European Investment Bank programme for women’s health and district hospitals, and a USD 100 million commitment by the Gates Foundation and Wellcome Leap for the Uzima Stillbirth Prevention Program.
🟢 2027 regional meeting: Scheduled for 7–9 May in Hong Kong under the theme “Health Across Borders.”

📍 Pakistan to Chair IMF–World Bank Boards in 2027
🟢 Pakistan was selected as the incoming Chair of the Boards of Governors of the IMF and World Bank Group for 2027.
🟢 Ahad Khan Cheema, Pakistan’s Minister for Economic Affairs and World Bank Governor, will serve as Chair.
🟢 Announced during the 2026 IMF–World Bank Annual Meetings in Bangkok, Thailand, held from 12–18 October.
🟢 Pakistan will hold the chairmanship for the first time since 1953.
🟢 Current IMF support to Pakistan includes a USD 7 billion Extended Fund Facility (EFF) and a USD 1.4 billion Resilience and Sustainability Facility (RSF).
🟢 An additional USD 1.2 billion was expected, subject to approval by the IMF Executive Board.

🔆 ENVIRONMENT
📍 Three New Centipede Species in South India
🟢 Scientists described three new species: Rhysida quadrispinosa, R. coorgensis and R. neyyarensis.
🟢 India’s known Rhysida species increased to 23.
🟢 Research involved the Zoological Survey of India’s Western Ghats Regional Centre, Kozhikode, and Malabar Christian College.
🟢 Centipedes belong to the arthropod class Chilopoda; they are terrestrial predators with one pair of legs per trunk segment.
🟢 Their first pair of appendages forms venom-delivering structures called forcipules.
🟢 R. coorgensis and R. neyyarensis are named after Coorg, Karnataka, and Neyyar Wildlife Sanctuary, Kerala, respectively.

📍 Spot-bellied Eagle-Owl
🟢 First verified photographic record in Kozhikode district, Kerala, at Janakikadu Forest along the Kuttiyadi River.
🟢 Scientific name: Bubo nipalensis (also classified as Ketupa nipalensis).
🟢 Also known locally as Kolliyan and Kattumoonga.
🟢 Measures approximately 55–65 cm in length, weighs up to 2.5 kg and may have a wingspan of 1.7 metres.
🟢 A nocturnal predator of snakes, birds and small mammals; known for its distinctive, loud calls.
🟢 IUCN status: Least Concern.

🔆 SECURITY
📍 JWALA-MK1 Micro-Missile
🟢 Developed by Indian private defence technology firm IG Defence as an indigenous short-range surface-to-air micro-missile.
🟢 Designed to physically destroy hostile drones and unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs).
🟢 Engagement range: 2–5 km; altitude range: 50–5,000 metres.
🟢 Uses a dual-pulse solid rocket motor, fin-controlled guidance and a pre-fragmented high-explosive warhead.
🟢 Designed for launch within 7 seconds of detection, with a claimed circular error probable of under 2 metres at maximum range.
🟢 Integrated with the AI-enabled GRID Defend ecosystem, linking radar, command networks and electronic warfare systems.
🟢 Designed to operate in GPS-denied and electronically contested environments as a cost-effective counter-drone option.

🔆 MISCELLANEOUS
📍 AUSTRAHIND 2026
🟢 The fifth edition of the India–Australia Joint Military Exercise commenced on 19 October 2026 at the Foreign Training Node, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala.
🟢 Scheduled for 19 October–1 November 2026.
🟢 Focus: joint sub-conventional operations in island and coastal environments under Chapter VII of the UN framework.
🟢 Approximately 120 personnel from each country are participating.
🟢 Indian contingent: Garhwal Rifles; Australian contingent: 13th Brigade.
🟢 The previous edition was held in Perth, Australia, in 2025.

📍 International Day for the Eradication of Poverty — 17 October
🟢 2026–2028 campaign theme: “United for Peace and Human Rights.”
🟢 2026 focus: “Safe Homes for All,” highlighting adequate and secure housing as a foundation for dignity and social inclusion.
🟢 Observed annually on 17 October; established by the UN General Assembly in 1992 through Resolution 47/196.
🟢 Its historical roots trace to a gathering of over 100,000 people in Paris on 17 October 1987, initiated by Joseph Wresinski.
🟢 The campaign highlights housing inadequacy, energy access, extreme poverty and multidimensional poverty.

📍 World Menopause Day — 18 October
🟢 Organised by the International Menopause Society (IMS).
🟢 2026 theme: “Chronic Pain at Midlife – From Recognition to Evidence-Based Care.”
🟢 Focuses on chronic pain, joint aches and persistent physical discomfort during and after the menopause transition.
🟢 Promotes evidence-based, individualised care and greater recognition of women’s midlife health concerns.

📍 World Osteoporosis Day — 20 October
🟢 Led globally by the International Osteoporosis Foundation (IOF).
🟢 2026 theme: “Build, Protect, Strengthen Your Bones for Life.”
🟢 Osteoporosis is often called a silent disease because bone loss may remain unnoticed until a fracture occurs.
🟢 Key prevention measures: weight-bearing exercise, adequate calcium and vitamin D, healthy lifestyle, risk assessment and timely bone-density testing.
🟢 Early diagnosis and treatment are important for people at increased fracture

#CurrentAffairs

Dilip Gavit clinches gold in the Men’s 400m T47 at the Asian Para Games 2026 with a time of 48.27s, securing his second gold medal at the Games!

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