🔆Living Planet Report
✅It is published biennially by the World Wide Fund for Nature (WWF).
✅It is a comprehensive study of trends in global biodiversity and the health of the planet.
✅The Living Planet Report 2024 is the 15th edition of the report.
✅The WWF uses the Living Planet Index (LPI), which tracks the average trends in wildlife populations rather than focusing on increases or declines in individual species numbers.
✅By monitoring changes in species population sizes over time, the LPI serves as an early warning indicator of extinction risk and helps assess ecosystem efficiency.
📍 Highlights of the Living Planet Report 2024
✅The sharpest decline is reported in freshwater ecosystems at 85%, followed by terrestrial ecosystems at 69% and marine ecosystems at 56%.
✅WWF highlighted declines in monitored animal populations around the world as follows
Latin America and the Caribbean, where populations have dropped by 95 per cent
✅Africa: 76 % decline.
✅Asia-Pacific region: 60 % decline.
✅Central Asia: 35% decline
✅North America: 39 % decline.
✅Major threats to wildlife include Habitat loss, overexploitation, climate change, pollution, invasive species, and diseases, which were the dominant drivers of the decline of wildlife.
✅Habitat loss was driven by unsustainable agriculture, fragmentation, logging, mining, to name a few causes.
✅Ongoing mass coral reef bleaching, affecting over 75 per cent of the world’s reefs, the Amazon rainforest, the collapse of the subpolar gyre and the melting of the Greenland and West Antarctic ice sheets are all nearing critical tipping points.
✅More than half of the United Nations-mandated Sustainable Development Goals for 2030 are unlikely to meet their targets, with 30 per cent of them either already missed or worse off than their 2015 baseline.
#gs3
#prelims
#cse_exam
#environment
Join @CSE_EXAM
@upsc_4_environment
✅It is published biennially by the World Wide Fund for Nature (WWF).
✅It is a comprehensive study of trends in global biodiversity and the health of the planet.
✅The Living Planet Report 2024 is the 15th edition of the report.
✅The WWF uses the Living Planet Index (LPI), which tracks the average trends in wildlife populations rather than focusing on increases or declines in individual species numbers.
✅By monitoring changes in species population sizes over time, the LPI serves as an early warning indicator of extinction risk and helps assess ecosystem efficiency.
📍 Highlights of the Living Planet Report 2024
✅The sharpest decline is reported in freshwater ecosystems at 85%, followed by terrestrial ecosystems at 69% and marine ecosystems at 56%.
✅WWF highlighted declines in monitored animal populations around the world as follows
Latin America and the Caribbean, where populations have dropped by 95 per cent
✅Africa: 76 % decline.
✅Asia-Pacific region: 60 % decline.
✅Central Asia: 35% decline
✅North America: 39 % decline.
✅Major threats to wildlife include Habitat loss, overexploitation, climate change, pollution, invasive species, and diseases, which were the dominant drivers of the decline of wildlife.
✅Habitat loss was driven by unsustainable agriculture, fragmentation, logging, mining, to name a few causes.
✅Ongoing mass coral reef bleaching, affecting over 75 per cent of the world’s reefs, the Amazon rainforest, the collapse of the subpolar gyre and the melting of the Greenland and West Antarctic ice sheets are all nearing critical tipping points.
✅More than half of the United Nations-mandated Sustainable Development Goals for 2030 are unlikely to meet their targets, with 30 per cent of them either already missed or worse off than their 2015 baseline.
#gs3
#prelims
#cse_exam
#environment
Join @CSE_EXAM
@upsc_4_environment
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🔆 National Crime Records Bureau (NCRB)
📍 About
✅ Established in 1986
✅ Functions under the Ministry of Home Affairs
✅ Headquarters: New Delhi
📍 Nature
✅ National repository of crime and criminal-related data in India.
📍 Formation
✅ Based on recommendations of:
➡️ Tandon Committee
➡️ National Police Commission (1977–81)
➡️ Task Force of the Home Ministry
📍 Composition
✅ Officers from:
➡️ Indian Police Service (IPS)
➡️ Indian Revenue Service (IRS)
➡️ Paramilitary forces
📍 Important Facts
✅ Exempted from the Right to Information Act, 2005 under Section 24(1).
✅ Also compiles data on lightning fatalities in India.
📍 Nodal Agency For
✅ Online Cyber-Crime Reporting Portal
✅ Drug law enforcement and control of narcotics trafficking
📍 Associated Projects / Bodies
✅ Crime and Criminal Tracking Network and Systems (2009)
➡️ National database linking police stations across India.
✅ National Digital Police Portal (2017)
➡️ Enables online complaint filing and suspect search.
✅ Central Finger Print Bureau
➡️ National repository of fingerprints under NCRB.
✅ CyTrain Portal
➡️ Online training platform for cybercrime investigation and prosecution.
📍 International Association
✅ Partner agency of the United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime.
📍 Major Reports Published
✅ Crime in India
✅ Accidental Deaths & Suicides in India
✅ Prison Statistics India
#GS2 #InternalSecurity #CSE_EXAM
📍 About
✅ Established in 1986
✅ Functions under the Ministry of Home Affairs
✅ Headquarters: New Delhi
📍 Nature
✅ National repository of crime and criminal-related data in India.
📍 Formation
✅ Based on recommendations of:
➡️ Tandon Committee
➡️ National Police Commission (1977–81)
➡️ Task Force of the Home Ministry
📍 Composition
✅ Officers from:
➡️ Indian Police Service (IPS)
➡️ Indian Revenue Service (IRS)
➡️ Paramilitary forces
📍 Important Facts
✅ Exempted from the Right to Information Act, 2005 under Section 24(1).
✅ Also compiles data on lightning fatalities in India.
📍 Nodal Agency For
✅ Online Cyber-Crime Reporting Portal
✅ Drug law enforcement and control of narcotics trafficking
📍 Associated Projects / Bodies
✅ Crime and Criminal Tracking Network and Systems (2009)
➡️ National database linking police stations across India.
✅ National Digital Police Portal (2017)
➡️ Enables online complaint filing and suspect search.
✅ Central Finger Print Bureau
➡️ National repository of fingerprints under NCRB.
✅ CyTrain Portal
➡️ Online training platform for cybercrime investigation and prosecution.
📍 International Association
✅ Partner agency of the United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime.
📍 Major Reports Published
✅ Crime in India
✅ Accidental Deaths & Suicides in India
✅ Prison Statistics India
#GS2 #InternalSecurity #CSE_EXAM
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🔆 BRICS
📍 About BRICS
✅ BRICS was formally institutionalised in 2009 through the first BRICS Leaders’ Summit.
✅ The term “BRIC” was coined in 2001.
✅ It is an intergovernmental forum aimed at promoting South–South cooperation, multipolarity and development finance.
📍 Agenda
✅ Strengthening cooperation among emerging economies.
✅ Promoting a multipolar world order.
✅ Supporting development finance and interests of the Global South.
📍 Members (11)
✅ Original Members:
➡️ Brazil
➡️ Russia
➡️ India
➡️ China
➡️ South Africa
✅ New Members:
➡️ Egypt
➡️ Ethiopia
➡️ Iran
➡️ United Arab Emirates
➡️ Indonesia – became the first Southeast Asian member in 2025.
✅ Partner Country:
➡️ Nigeria became the 9th BRICS partner country in January 2025.
📍 Importance
✅ BRICS represents over 42% of the global population and around 23% of world GDP.
✅ It acts as an important voice of the Global South and emerging economies.
📍 Institutional Features
✅ BRICS Leaders’ Summit is held annually.
✅ Chairmanship rotates every year among members in the order B-R-I-C-S.
✅ Each presidency lasts from 1 January to 31 December.
✅ BRICS has no permanent headquarters and no single official language.
🔆 17th BRICS Summit, 2025
📍 Key Details
✅ The 17th BRICS Summit was held in Rio de Janeiro in July 2025.
✅ Theme: “Strengthening Global South Cooperation for a More Inclusive and Sustainable Governance”.
✅ The previous summit was held in Kazan in 2024.
📍 Major Declarations
✅ Fortaleza Declaration (2014)
➡️ Adopted at the 6th BRICS Summit.
➡️ Led to the creation of the New Development Bank and the Contingent Reserve Arrangement.
✅ Johannesburg II Declaration (2023)
➡️ Adopted at the 15th BRICS Summit in Johannesburg.
➡️ It emphasized strengthening multilateralism, reforming global governance and promoting the interests of the Global South.
🔆 18th BRICS Presidency
📍 India’s Presidency in 2026
✅ Brazil handed over the BRICS Presidency to India for 2026.
✅ The President country sets the annual agenda, chairs meetings and hosts the BRICS Summit.
🔆 BRICS Parliamentary Forum
📍 About
✅ BRICS Parliamentary Forum was first held in 2015 in Moscow.
✅ It serves as a platform for dialogue among parliaments of BRICS countries.
✅ The 11th BRICS Parliamentary Forum was recently held in Brasilia.
✅ India will remain chair until the conclusion of the 12th forum in 2026.
#CSE_exam
📍 About BRICS
✅ BRICS was formally institutionalised in 2009 through the first BRICS Leaders’ Summit.
✅ The term “BRIC” was coined in 2001.
✅ It is an intergovernmental forum aimed at promoting South–South cooperation, multipolarity and development finance.
📍 Agenda
✅ Strengthening cooperation among emerging economies.
✅ Promoting a multipolar world order.
✅ Supporting development finance and interests of the Global South.
📍 Members (11)
✅ Original Members:
➡️ Brazil
➡️ Russia
➡️ India
➡️ China
➡️ South Africa
✅ New Members:
➡️ Egypt
➡️ Ethiopia
➡️ Iran
➡️ United Arab Emirates
➡️ Indonesia – became the first Southeast Asian member in 2025.
✅ Partner Country:
➡️ Nigeria became the 9th BRICS partner country in January 2025.
📍 Importance
✅ BRICS represents over 42% of the global population and around 23% of world GDP.
✅ It acts as an important voice of the Global South and emerging economies.
📍 Institutional Features
✅ BRICS Leaders’ Summit is held annually.
✅ Chairmanship rotates every year among members in the order B-R-I-C-S.
✅ Each presidency lasts from 1 January to 31 December.
✅ BRICS has no permanent headquarters and no single official language.
🔆 17th BRICS Summit, 2025
📍 Key Details
✅ The 17th BRICS Summit was held in Rio de Janeiro in July 2025.
✅ Theme: “Strengthening Global South Cooperation for a More Inclusive and Sustainable Governance”.
✅ The previous summit was held in Kazan in 2024.
📍 Major Declarations
✅ Fortaleza Declaration (2014)
➡️ Adopted at the 6th BRICS Summit.
➡️ Led to the creation of the New Development Bank and the Contingent Reserve Arrangement.
✅ Johannesburg II Declaration (2023)
➡️ Adopted at the 15th BRICS Summit in Johannesburg.
➡️ It emphasized strengthening multilateralism, reforming global governance and promoting the interests of the Global South.
🔆 18th BRICS Presidency
📍 India’s Presidency in 2026
✅ Brazil handed over the BRICS Presidency to India for 2026.
✅ The President country sets the annual agenda, chairs meetings and hosts the BRICS Summit.
🔆 BRICS Parliamentary Forum
📍 About
✅ BRICS Parliamentary Forum was first held in 2015 in Moscow.
✅ It serves as a platform for dialogue among parliaments of BRICS countries.
✅ The 11th BRICS Parliamentary Forum was recently held in Brasilia.
✅ India will remain chair until the conclusion of the 12th forum in 2026.
#CSE_exam
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