📧 Writing a letter/ email 📧

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@PracticeMakesPerfect12

💢 Essay Tips :

✨ 7 Tips on Writing an Effective Essay ✨

https://www.fastweb.com/student-life/articles/essay-tips-7-tips-on-writing-an-effective-essay

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@PracticeMakesPerfect12

✍🏻 Writing essays ✍🏻

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@PracticeMakesPerfect12

✍🏻 Writing phrases ✍🏻

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@PracticeMakesPerfect12

🔰 SPELLING RULES 🔰

There are a few rules of thumb that can help when you’re faced with a word you’re not sure how to spell. Check them out!

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@pmperfect1

🔰Spelling Rules🔰


📌 PART I 📌


🍃 Spelling Rule 1️⃣ 🍃

🌟I Before E, Except After C🌟

The rule goes like this:

🌀 I before E, Except after C, unless it sounds like A, as in neighbor or weigh 🌀

🔺I before E🔺

◽️Would you like a piece of cake?
◽️Jerry will believe anything. ◽️They’re planting new grass on the football field .

🔺Except before C🔺

◽️Darnell received an A on his spelling test.
◽️Jeremy spotted a spider on the ceiling.
◽️I never expected such deceit from you!

🔺Unless it sounds like A🔺

◽️Our neighbors live in a beige house.
◽️How much does the kitten weigh ?

📍 Here’s a tip 📍
It’s a good idea to memorize these common exceptions to the rule:
seize, either, weird, height, foreign, leisure, conscience, counterfeit, forfeit, neither, science, species, sufficient

🍃Spelling Rule 2️⃣ 🍃

🌟 Adding Suffixes to Words that End in Y 🌟

🔺When you add a suffix that starts with E (such as -ed, -er, or -est) to a word that ends in Y, the Y usually changes to an I.🔺

◽️Cry – cried – crier
◽️Dry – dried – drier
◽️Lay – laid (note the irregular spelling: no E)
◽️Baby – babies
◽️Family – families
◽️Ugly – ugliest

◽️This is the dustiest old house I’ve ever seen.
◽️The best bakers make the flakiest pie crusts.
◽️The soup needs the tiniest pinch of salt, and then it’s perfect.
◽️Seawater dries out your skin.

🔺The Y doesn’t change for the suffix -ing.🔺

◽️The baby has been crying for almost an hour.
◽️The minute we brought in the new puppy, our mother began laying down sheets of newspaper.
◽️We should spend some time tidying before the guests arrive.

🔺If the word in question has two consonants before the Y, change the Y to I before adding the suffix ‑ly.🔺

◽️Sloppy – sloppily
◽️Happy – happily
◽️Scary – scarily
◽️Funnily enough, I said the same thing just yesterday.

📍Of course, there are always exceptions:

◽️“Funny,” he said dryly .

#Spelling_tips
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@pmperfect1

🔰Spelling Rules🔰


📌 PART II 📌


🍃 Spelling Rule 3️⃣ 🍃

🌟The Silent E🌟

🔺Typically, an E after a consonant at the end of a word is silent, but it does affect the way you pronounce the vowel that comes before the consonant.

The E makes the vowel sound of the word (or syllable) long (like the I sound in kite) instead of short (like the I sound in kitten).
It’s important to get the silent E right, because its presence or absence can change the meaning of a word.

◽️The monkey bit me.
◾️ Keep your fingers out of the cage: the monkeys bite .

⚠️By adding the E to the end of bit, the word is changed from past to present tense.

◽️Don’t cut yourself on the sharp knives.
◾️ The kitten is really cute.

⚠️In this case, the silent E creates a completely different word. When adding a suffix like -ed, -er or -est, the silent E is usually dropped from the end of the root word.

◽️The dog bared his teeth at the mail carrier.
◽️The baby’s eyes were the bluest I’d ever seen.

🍃Spelling Rule 4️⃣🍃

🌟Double Consonants🌟

🔺Watch out for double consonants. It can be difficult to hear them when a word is said aloud—especially if the word has only one syllable.

Double consonants are frequently found in words that have suffixes added to them:

◽️I dropped the heavy bags to the floor.
◽️Someone called for you earlier.

⚠️Some words can be pronounced as either one or two syllables, but the spelling remains the same:

◽️Blessed are the meek for they shall inherit the Earth.

⚠️In this sentence, which is a fixed expression, blessed is pronounced as two syllables: bless-ed.

◽️The father blessed his son before the wedding.

⚠️In this sentence, blessed is pronounced as one syllable: blest.

♨️Be particularly careful with words where a double consonant can change the pronunciation and the meaning of the word.♨️

◽️Cacti are native to the desert .
◽️Would you like ice cream for dessert ?

🍃Spelling Rule 5️⃣🍃

🌟Plural Suffixes🌟

🔺When do you add ‑s and when do you add ‑es to make a plural?
It’s not quite as arbitrary as it may seem.

The rule is this:

🌀If a word ends in ‑s, ‑sh, ‑ch, ‑x, or ‑z, you add ‑es.🌀

◽️I only had to take one bus; you had to take two buses.
◽️I only get one wish; you get two wishes.
◽️I have a splotch on my shirt; you have two splotches.
◽️I’m carrying one box; you’re carrying two boxes.
◽️Would you like a spritz of perfume? Two spritzes, please.

🌀For all other endings, add ‑s.🌀

◽️I have one cat; you have two cats.
◽️I have one cup; you have two cups.
◽️I have one shoe; you have two shoes.
◽️Where is my other shoe?
◽️I have one ski; you have two skis.
◽️How am I supposed to ski?
◽️I have one toque; you have two toques.

⚠️Be careful of words that don’t change when they’re pluralized (e.g., fish, sheep, moose).

♨️If you’re unsure, check the dictionary.♨️

#Spelling_tips
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@pmperfect1

🔰In spite of🆚despite🔰


In spite of and despite have a similar meaning to although or even though.

They express a contrast between two things. They are both more common in writing than in speaking. Despite is a little more formal than in spite of.

🍃 We usually use in spite of and despite with a noun:

🔸He got the job in spite of his prison record.

🔸John’s company is doing extremely well despite the recession.

🍃 We can also use in spite of and despite with -ing:

🔸He was very fast in spite of being terribly overweight.

🔸They arrived late despite leaving in plenty of time.


⚠️ Warning:

We don’t use a that-clause after in spite of or despite. We use in spite of the fact that or despite the fact that:

✅ When they arrived at Malaga it was hot, in spite of the fact that it was only the end of April.

❌ Not: … in spite of that it was only the end of April

🍃 In spite of is written as three separate words.( not inspite )

🍃 We never use of with despite:

✅ They enjoyed the rides in spite of the long queues. (or … despite the long queues.)

❌Not: … inspite the long queues or …despite of the long queues.


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@PMPerfect1

🍂 FIRST, FIRSTLY or AT FIRST 🤔🤔🤔🤔🤔🤔🤔🤔🤔🤔🤔


🔴 FIRST / FIRSTLY

First can be an adjective or an adverb and refers to the person or thing that comes before all others in order, time, amount, quality or importance:

◽️Adjective: What’s the name of the first person who walked on the moon?

◽️ Adverb: Beth always arrives first at meetings.

🔸We often use first, especially in writing, to show the order of the points we want to make. When we are making lists, we can use first or firstly. Firstly is more formal than first:

◽️Dear Mr Paul

✅ First(ly) I would like to thank you for your kind offer of a job …

❌Not: At first I would like to thank you …

✅ First(ly) the sodium chloride is dissolved in the water and heated gently. Second(ly) a dye is added to the solution.

❌Not: At first, the sodium chloride …


🔴 AT FIRST

🔸At first means ‘at the beginning’ or ‘in the beginning’ and we use it when we make contrasts:

◽️At first when I went to England to study English, I was homesick, but in the end I cried when it was time to leave.

◽️He called for help. No one heard him at first, but eventually two young girls came to help him.

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@PMPerfect1

✍🏻 15 SHOCKING STUDENT WRITING FAILS AND HOW TO REDUCE Them ✍🏻


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@PMPerfect1

🕝SOMETIMES !🕝

When you are talking about how often something happens, there are many expressions to describe the middle ground between often and occasionally.Here are ten phrases and how to use them in your speaking & writing English:

1️⃣🕝FAIRLY OFTEN...🕝

🔘E.g: They meet fairly often to play chess .

2️⃣🕝MORE OFTEN THAN NOT...🕝

🔘E.g: More often than not, a student will come up with the right answer.

3️⃣🕝(AT LEAST) HALF THE TIME...🕝

🔘E.g: Half the time you don't even listen to what I say.

🔴USAGE: Phrases 1, 2, and 3 are quite positive. When we use 'at least' with phrase 3 it means more than half of the time.

4️⃣🕝ALMOST EVERY OTHER DAY...🕝

🔘E.g: She visited him in hospital almost every other day.

🔴USAGE: Phrase 4 means a little less than half the time.

5️⃣🕝SEVERAL TIMES A WEEK/ A YEAR🕝

🔘E.g: Several times a year, the waste is pumped from the lagoons and spread across cropland as fertilizer.

🔴USAGE: In Phrase 5, several sounds quite positive. It means a number more than 3. It also says that 3 times a week is often.

6️⃣🕝EVERY SO OFTEN...🕝

🔘E.g: Every so often I treat myself to a meal in an expensive restaurant.

7️⃣🕝NOW AND THEN...🕝

🔘E.g: Now and then a bird's song broke in upon the silence of the wood.

8️⃣🕝FROM TIME TO TIME...🕝

🔘E.g: Remember to look back upon your mistakes from time to time, but never regret them.

9️⃣🕝ONCE IN A WHILE...🕝

🔘E.g: Earrings need to be taken out and cleaned once in a while.

🔴USAGE: Phrases 6, 7, 8, and 9 are less often. they are similar in meaning to 'occasionally'.

1️⃣0️⃣🕝ON A GOOD DAY...🕝

🔘E.g: On a good day the view from the summit is extremely exciting.

🔴USAGE: Phrase 10 suggests that something doesn't happen very often but that when it happens, it's a good thing.


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@PMPerfect1

✨PUNCTUATION CHART✨

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#Punctuation_marks
@PMPerfect1

📝5 basic rules of English writing that everyone should know 📝

📝2️⃣ Each sentence should make a clear statement!🧐

💢 A paragraph should not consist of more than 100 to 200 words!

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@PMPerfect1

📝5 basic rules of English writing that everyone should know 📝

📝3️⃣ Do not use words whose meanings you are not sure of!🤔

💢 Try to avoid wanting to sound super-intelligent! Use words that you understand!👍🏻

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@PMPerfect1

📝5 basic rules of English writing that everyone should know 📝

📝4️⃣ Use concrete rather than vague language!💭

💢 Use words that are appropriate for the reader!

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@PMPerfect1

📝5 basic rules of English writing that everyone should know 📝

📝5️⃣ Don’t use two negatives to make a positive without a good reason!⚠️

💢 Sometimes a not “un-“ construction may be desirable, perhaps even necessary!

#Writing_tips
@PMPerfect1

✍🏻 Notetaking ✍🏻

#writing_tips
@PMPerfect1

🔢 Writing Numbers


✨Always spell out numbers at the beginning of sentences:

🔻15 people took selfies last year in dangerous situations.✖️

🔹Fifteen people took selfies.✔️

✨When you have a list of numbers, be consistent regardless of how many each one indicates:

🔻Our colleagues have worked here for two, 5, and twelve years,
respectively.✖️

🔹for two, five, and twelve years is consistent.✔️

✨When it comes to writing fractions, hyphenate when spelled out, but do not use an apostrophe:

🔻I like three fourth’s of his songs.✖️

🔹I like three-fourths of his songs.✔️


➕Bonus:

⚪️ Ordinal numbers tell the order of things (first , second , third , etc.), whereas cardinal numbers count: one, two, three, and beyond.

⚪️ Few people actually write out sentences such as “This is the twenty-six thousandth time I have told you.” We might say these words, but we rarely write them. Instead, we usually write sentences such as “I have told you 26,000 times.”


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@PMPerfect1