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Parliament Session

The President of India is empowered to summon each House of Parliament from time to time.

The maximum gap between two sessions of Parliament cannot be more than six months.

A ‘session’ of Parliament is the period between the first sitting of a House and its prorogation.

There are usually three sessions in a year,
-Budget Session
-Monsoon Session
-Winter Session

The period between the prorogation of a House and its reassembly in a new session is called ‘recess’.

e-Courts Project

It was conceptualized on the basis of the “National Policy and Action Plan for Implementation of Information and Communication Technology (ICT) in the Indian Judiciary-2005” submitted by e-Committee, Supreme Court of India with a vision to transform the Indian Judiciary by ICT enablement of Courts.

The e-Courts Mission Mode Project, is a pan-India Project, monitored and funded by the Department of Justice, Ministry of Law and Justice, for the District Courts across the country.

EU Green deal-

◆Launched at COP 25 by EU a climate action plan known as European Green Deal after the failures of any concrete agreement by global community

◆Major Decisions under Green Deal

1.Achieving Climate Neutrality-
To become “climate neutral” by 2050 and to achieve this, a law will be brought which will be binding on all member countries.

2.Increasing 2030 Emission Reduction Targets-
Increase the reduction in its emissions to at least 50% and work towards 55% in the near future.

#Facts
1.Bhutan and Suriname are the only carbon neutral countries in the world

2.The EU is the third-largest emitter of greenhouse gases in the world after China and the USA.

#Prelim2020

The Doctrine of Proportionality

—postulates that the nature and extent of the State’s interference with the exercise of a right must be proportionate to the goal
it seeks to achieve.

100% chance

IN-SPACe:(Indian National Space Promotion and Authorization Centre)

●Newly-announced body under the Department of Space.
●It will be the nodal national entity to drive building of satellites, rockets, or launch services through Indian industry.
●act as a national nodal agency for hand-holding and promoting private industry in the space sector
●Dharmendra singh committee recommended it

#Prelim2020

Key judgments- #100%chance

• Right to Internet : : FR (Article 19(1)(a))

• Right to Live-in Relationships : : FR (Article 21)

• Right to information/ Right to Know : : FR (Article 19 and 21)


• Right to own private property is human right

• Right to reservation is not a fundamental right

• Right to Health (yet to be declared as fundamental right)

The Court has held that although the right to vote is only a constitutional right (Article 326), the freedom of voting falls under the ambit of ‘expression’ under Article 19(1)(a) of the Constitution

Graphene

▪️It is a single layer (monolayer) of carbon atoms. It is one atom thick.

▪️It is the building-block of Graphite.

▪️Properties: It is harder than diamond yet more elastic than rubber; tougher than steel yet lighter than aluminium. Graphene is the strongest known material.

National Transit Pass System (NTPS)

◆It is an online transit pass generation system for timber, bamboo and other forest produce
◆launched recently by the Union Environment Ministry
◆pilot project will be functional in Madhya Pradesh and Telangana for now.

#Prelim2020 #evironment #Aug2020

Supplementary Grant: It is granted when the amount authorised by the Parliament through the appropriation act for a particular service for the current financial year is found to be insufficient for that year.

It is specified by the Article 115 of the constitution of India, along with Additional and Excess Grants.

#Prelim2020

Vote of Credit: It is granted for meeting an unexpected demand upon the resources of India, when on account of the magnitude or the indefinite character of the service, the demand cannot be stated with the details ordinarily given in a budget. Hence, it is like a blank cheque given to the Executive by the Lok Sabha

#Prelim2020

Methane hydrate.

Known as methane clathrate, hydromethane, methane ice, fire ice, natural gas hydrate, and gas hydrate.

Methane hydrate is an "ice" that only occurs naturally in subsurface deposits where temperature and pressure conditions are favourable for its formation.

Most methane hydrate deposits also contain small amounts of other hydrocarbon hydrates. These include propane hydrate and ethane hydrate.

Methane is a clean and economical fuel.

#Prelim2020

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Global Biodiversity Outlook (GBO)

Publication of the Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD).

#Prelim2020