Flat plate(notice the direct connection between the slab and the column).
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✅Cement's initial setting time should be 30 min(Minimum) and 90 min(maximum).
✅Final setting time of cement should be=10 hours
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✅Final setting time of cement should be=10 hours
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😳👌Hello Dear Members,
As per your request working on projects in detail,
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Forwarded from Civil Engineering
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Practice Problems for the Civil Enginering PE Exam, 7th ed.pdf
16.2 MB
Practice Problems for the Civil Engineering PE Exam presents complete, step-by-step solutions for 440 problems like those found on the Civil PE exam. These problems appear at the end of the chapters in the Civil Engineering Reference Manual. You can find all the background information, including charts and tables of data, that you need to solve these problems in the Civil Engineering Reference Manual.
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Q. How can unreinforced concrete pavement function without mesh reinforcement?
For concrete carriageway, it is normally classified into two types: reinforced and
unreinforced concrete pavement. The reinforcement in reinforced carriageway (in the form
of mesh) is used for controlling cracking. Then one may query how unreinforced pavement
can control cracking without the use of mesh reinforcement. To answer this question, one should pay attention to the features of unreinforced concrete pavement. In accordance with Highways Standard Drawing No. H1109, an approximately 3mm wide groove with a depth of about one-third to one-fourth of slab thickness is designed with a regular spacing (normally 5m). The grooves are designed to be too narrow for stones to fall into when the cracks are open due to concrete contraction. The sectional area in which the groove is located is a plane of weakness and thus this groove acts a potential crack-inducing device in which any potential cracks due to shrinkage and thermal contraction may form. Consequently, the cracks are formed at the base of the groove and thus it would not cause any unpleasant visual appearance on the exposed surface of unreinforced concrete pavement.
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~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
Modern Roads:-
•The modern road's design for heavy trucks and cars, after the industrial revolution a lot of different axles sizes appeared, to create a better riding surfaces, different types of roads and materials developed.
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For concrete carriageway, it is normally classified into two types: reinforced and
unreinforced concrete pavement. The reinforcement in reinforced carriageway (in the form
of mesh) is used for controlling cracking. Then one may query how unreinforced pavement
can control cracking without the use of mesh reinforcement. To answer this question, one should pay attention to the features of unreinforced concrete pavement. In accordance with Highways Standard Drawing No. H1109, an approximately 3mm wide groove with a depth of about one-third to one-fourth of slab thickness is designed with a regular spacing (normally 5m). The grooves are designed to be too narrow for stones to fall into when the cracks are open due to concrete contraction. The sectional area in which the groove is located is a plane of weakness and thus this groove acts a potential crack-inducing device in which any potential cracks due to shrinkage and thermal contraction may form. Consequently, the cracks are formed at the base of the groove and thus it would not cause any unpleasant visual appearance on the exposed surface of unreinforced concrete pavement.
《Share with friends》
use discussion group for your answer @engineersWorks
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
Modern Roads:-
•The modern road's design for heavy trucks and cars, after the industrial revolution a lot of different axles sizes appeared, to create a better riding surfaces, different types of roads and materials developed.
#share it!! @engineer03
@civilEngineerWork_Bot
📌Basic terms for Mechanics
🚧1. Torque or Turning Force
➡️It is the total amount of force which is required to create acceleration on moving substance.
🚧2. Couple
➡️Two forces those acts on equally, parallely & oppositely on two separate points of same material.
🚧3. Moment
➡️It is the amount of moving effect which is gained for action of turning force.
🚧4. Stress
➡️It is the force that can prevent equal & opposite force.
➡️That means, it is the preventing force.
➡️If one force acts on outside of a material, then a reactive force automatically acts to protest that force.
➡️The amount of reactive force per unit area is called stress.
➡️For instance:- Tensile Stress, Compressive Stress, Thermal Stress.
🚧5. Strain
➡️If a force acts on a substance, then in that case if the substance would deform.
➡️Then the amount of deformation per unit length of that substance is called strain.
🚧6. Spring
➡️It is one type of device which is being distorted under certain amount of load & also can also go to its original face after the removal of that load.
Its function
⏺i. To store energy
⏺ii. To absorb energy
⏺iii. To control motion of two elements
🚧7. Stiffness
➡️Load per unit deflection. The amount of load required to resist the deflection.
🚧8. Specific Weight
➡️Weight per unit volume of the fluid.
🚧9. Specific Volume
➡️Volume per unit mass of the fluid.
🚧10. Specific Gravity
➡️It is the ratio of specific weight of required substance to specific weight of pure water at 4 degree centigrade temperature.
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🚧1. Torque or Turning Force
➡️It is the total amount of force which is required to create acceleration on moving substance.
🚧2. Couple
➡️Two forces those acts on equally, parallely & oppositely on two separate points of same material.
🚧3. Moment
➡️It is the amount of moving effect which is gained for action of turning force.
🚧4. Stress
➡️It is the force that can prevent equal & opposite force.
➡️That means, it is the preventing force.
➡️If one force acts on outside of a material, then a reactive force automatically acts to protest that force.
➡️The amount of reactive force per unit area is called stress.
➡️For instance:- Tensile Stress, Compressive Stress, Thermal Stress.
🚧5. Strain
➡️If a force acts on a substance, then in that case if the substance would deform.
➡️Then the amount of deformation per unit length of that substance is called strain.
🚧6. Spring
➡️It is one type of device which is being distorted under certain amount of load & also can also go to its original face after the removal of that load.
Its function
⏺i. To store energy
⏺ii. To absorb energy
⏺iii. To control motion of two elements
🚧7. Stiffness
➡️Load per unit deflection. The amount of load required to resist the deflection.
🚧8. Specific Weight
➡️Weight per unit volume of the fluid.
🚧9. Specific Volume
➡️Volume per unit mass of the fluid.
🚧10. Specific Gravity
➡️It is the ratio of specific weight of required substance to specific weight of pure water at 4 degree centigrade temperature.
#join_us & #share_it
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