Forum for India–Pacific Islands Cooperation (FIPIC)
✅ Established in 2014 (PM’s visit to Fiji); includes 14 Pacific Island Nations.
✅ 3rd Summit held in Papua New Guinea (2023).
✅ Aim: Deepen ties in energy, health, technology, blue economy, & counter China’s Indo-Pacific influence.

#currentaffairs

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🔆 Revolutionary Activities (Phase: 1907–17)

📍 The Anushilan Samiti (1902) – Bengal
✅ Founded by Promotha Mitter; included Jatindranath Banerjee & Barindra Kumar Ghosh
✅ Published Yugantar & Sandhya Prakash
✅ Promoted Swadeshi dacoities, physical training & moral education

📍 Attempt on Sir Fuller’s Life (1907) – Bengal
✅ Attempt by Yugantar on Lt. Governor Fuller
✅ Fuller later resigned

📍 Muzaffarpur / Alipore Conspiracy Case (1908) – Bengal
✅ Prafulla Chaki & Khudiram Bose targeted Magistrate Kingsford
✅ Aurobindo Ghosh acquitted
✅ Khudiram Bose executed; Barindra Ghosh given life imprisonment

📍 Barrah Dacoity (1908) – Bengal
✅ Conducted by Dacca Anushilan under Pulin Das to fund revolution

📍 Delhi Conspiracy Case (1912) – Delhi
✅ Rash Behari Bose & Sachindra Sanyal attempted assassination of Viceroy Hardinge
✅ Bomb thrown at Viceroy’s procession

📍 German Plot / Zimmermann Plan (1916–17) – Bengal
✅ Led by Jatindranath Mukherjee (Bagha Jatin) & Yugantar
✅ Planned German arms import during WWI
✅ Used Swadeshi & boat dacoities for funds

📍 Ramosi Peasant Force (1879) – Maharashtra
✅ Organised by Vasudev Balwant Phadke against British rule

📍 Chapekar Brothers Case (1897) – Maharashtra
✅ Damodar & Balkrishna assassinated Plague Commissioner Rand & Lt. Ayerst

📍 Mitra Mela (1899) – Maharashtra
✅ Founded by V.D. Savarkar
✅ Later merged with Abhinav Bharat

📍 Killing of A.M.T. Jackson (1909) – Maharashtra
✅ Anant Laxman Kanhere assassinated Collector Jackson
✅ Led to Kanhere’s execution & Savarkar’s imprisonment

📍 Punjab Extremism – Punjab
✅ Initiated by Lala Lajpat Rai
✅ Leaders included Lala Hardayal & Bhai Parmanand
✅ Turned militant after British repression

📍 Assassination of Robert Ashe (1911) – Madras
✅ Vanchi Iyer killed District Collector Ashe

📍 Bharat Swashasan Samiti / Indian Home Rule Society (1905) – London
✅ Founded by Shyamji Krishnavarma
✅ Associated with Savarkar & Hardayal
✅ Published The Indian Sociologist

📍 Assassination of Curzon-Wyllie (1909) – London
✅ Madanlal Dhingra shot Curzon-Wyllie

📍 Ghadar Party (1913) – San Francisco
✅ Founded by Sohan Singh Bhakna, Lala Hardayal, Kartar Singh Sarabha
✅ Aimed at all-India uprising with German support in WWI
✅ Promoted anti-imperialist literature & armed rebellion

📍 Berlin Committee (1915) – Germany
✅ Led by Virendranath Chattopadhyaya & others under Zimmermann Plan
✅ Planned rebellion & foreign invasion of British India

📍 Missions to Kabul, Persia, Turkey
✅ Led by Raja Mahendra Pratap, Barkatullah & Obeidullah Sindhi
✅ Tried forming Provisional Government of India in Kabul

📍 Singapore Mutiny (15 Feb 1915) – Singapore
✅ Led by Jamadar Chisti Khan & others (5th Light Infantry)
✅ Suppressed; resulted in executions & life sentences

#history #prelims #mains

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Day 64: 20 February target:

Science and Technology
Topics:

Sectional test

Backlogs

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🔆 Key Technologies for Platform Sharing

📍 Network Slicing
✅ Enables Mobile Network Operators (MNOs) to create multiple virtual networks over a shared physical infrastructure
✅ Provides customized services for different user segments
✅ Enhances efficiency and optimized resource utilization

📍 Shared Spectrum
✅ Allows MNOs to share spectrum resources
✅ Improves network capacity
✅ Reduces operational and infrastructure costs

📍 O-RAN (Open Radio Access Network)
✅ Open and modular network architecture
✅ Ensures interoperability and vendor flexibility
✅ Supports platform sharing by separating hardware and software components

#GS3
#prelims
#science_technology
#science_and_technology

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🔆 Rogue Planet

✅ Definition: A planetary body ejected from its original system, drifting freely in interstellar space without orbiting a star.
✅ Origin: Usually expelled during the early chaotic stages of planetary system formation or later due to orbital instabilities.
✅ Orbit: No parent star — moves independently through space.
✅ Significance: Offers insights into planet formation, system dynamics, and interstellar matter interactions.

#Science_and_Technology #cse

🔆 Suicide in India – Key Highlights (NCRB Report)

📍 Trends & Statistics
✅ Overall Increase: Reported suicides rose by 0.3% in 2023 (vs 2022), though rate declined by 0.8%.
✅ Highest Suicide Rate: Andaman & Nicobar Islands > Sikkim > Kerala.
✅ High Suicide States (by share): Maharashtra > Tamil Nadu > Madhya Pradesh > Karnataka > West Bengal.
✅ Urban vs Rural: Cities record higher suicide rates than the national average.
✅ Gender Ratio: Male : Female = 72.8 : 27.2.

📍 Farmer Suicides
✅ 10,786 deaths (6.3% of total suicides).
✅ Zero reported in: West Bengal, Bihar, Odisha, Jharkhand, Himachal Pradesh, Arunachal Pradesh, Goa.

📍 Government Initiatives
✅ National Suicide Prevention Strategy (2022): Reduce suicides by 10% by 2030.
✅ Tele-MANAS: 24×7 free tele-mental health helpline.
✅ National Mental Health Programme (NMHP): Decentralized mental healthcare.
✅ Manodarpan (MoE): Psychosocial support for students, teachers & families.

#social_issue #society #mains

CAPF(AC) NOTIFICATION OUT

Last date : 12th March, 2026 till 18:00 hours.

🔆 Malwa School of Painting – Key Manuscripts

📍 Nimat Nama Manuscript (Cookery Book)
✅ Reflects a new trend of painting in Malwa.
✅ Started during the reign of Ghiyasuddin Khilji of Malwa (1469–1500 AD).
✅ Known for courtly life depictions with Persian influence.

📍 “Kulhadar Group” (Early 16th Century)
✅ Includes illustrations of texts like:
✅ Chaurapanchashika
✅ Gita Govinda
✅ Bhagavata Purana
✅ Ragamala
✅ Represents early regional manuscript painting traditions.

📍 Laur Chanda Manuscripts (1530–1540 AD)
✅ Avadhi romance written by Mulla Daud.
✅ Two illustrated manuscripts survive.
✅ Show a blend of Persian and Indian artistic

#prelims
#art_and_culture

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🔆 Vibrant Village Programme (VVP)

📍 Recent Update
✅ Phase-II to be launched on 20 February 2025 from Cachar district, Assam by the Union Home Minister.

📍 Aim
✅ Saturate villages in identified border blocks across 4 thematic areas:
✅ All-weather road connectivity
✅ Telecom connectivity
✅ Television connectivity
✅ Electrification (through scheme convergence)

📍 Phases of VVP

✅ VVP-I (2023)
📌 Centrally Sponsored Scheme
📌 Covered select villages adjoining the northern border

✅ VVP-II (2025)
📌 Central Sector Scheme
📌 Covers villages along international land borders of 15 States and 2 UTs
📌 Excludes northern border areas already covered under VVP-I

📍 Core Objective
✅ Ensure prosperous & secure borders
✅ Control trans-border crime
✅ Integrate border population with the nation
✅ Enable residents to act as the “eyes and ears” of border guarding forces
✅ Strengthen internal security

#goverment_schemes

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🔆 CURRENT AFFAIRS – 19 FEB 2026

🔆 NATIONAL

📍 VoicERA – Open Source Voice AI Stack
✅ Launched by MeitY
✅ Deployed on BHASHINI platform
✅ Multilingual AI speech ecosystem

📍 Indo-French Centre on AI in Global Health
✅ Inaugurated at AIIMS New Delhi
✅ Collaboration: AIIMS + Sorbonne University + Paris Brain Institute + IIT Delhi

📍 AI Governance Framework (IndiaAI Mission)
✅ Seven AI Sutras: Trust, People First, Innovation, Fairness, Accountability, Understandable by Design, Safety & Sustainability

📍 Gender Budget 2026–27
✅ Allocation: ₹5.01 lakh crore
✅ 9.37% of total Union Budget
✅ Focus: Women & girl-centric schemes

📍 Tamil-Brahmi Inscriptions in Egypt
✅ Found in Valley of the Kings (UNESCO Site)
✅ Dating: 1st–3rd century CE
✅ Indicates early India–Egypt contact

📍 India’s First National Biobank for LSDs
✅ Location: Ahmedabad (FRIGE)
✅ Focus: Lysosomal Storage Disorders

📍 IICA Advisory Group – Ease of Doing Business
✅ Constituted under MCA
✅ Chair: Gyaneshwar Kumar Singh

📍 Loggerhead Turtles
✅ IUCN Status: Vulnerable
✅ Protected under Schedule I (WPA 1972)

📍 European Legal Gateway Office
✅ First EU legal hub launched in India

🔆 DEFENCE
📍 UN Fellowship on SALW Control
✅ Hosted by Indian Army
✅ Venue: MCMM, Jabalpur
✅ Organised by UNODA
✅ Focus: Small Arms & Light Weapons control

🔆 MoUs

📍 FCI–World Food Programme
✅ 2 lakh MT rice supply for humanitarian operations
✅ WFP HQ: Rome | Nobel Peace Prize 2020

📍 India–Nepal Mutual Legal Assistance Agreement
✅ Strengthens cooperation in criminal investigations

📍 GIFT City–AJNIFM MoU
✅ Collaboration in financial management & fintech

📍 IICA–NALSAR MoU
✅ Academic partnership for 5 years

🔆 STATES

📍 UP – Gyan Bharatam Mission
✅ District-level manuscript digitisation
✅ Covers 75+ year-old handwritten texts

📍 Tamil Nadu – Anti-Fire Measures
✅ Protection plan for Nilgiris forests

📍 Demwe Lower Hydel Project (Arunachal Pradesh)
✅ 1,750 MW on Lohit River
✅ Environmental clearance extended till 2037

📍 Maharashtra – Beat the Heat Programme
✅ 30 cities joined
✅ Backed by UNEP Cool Coalition
✅ Focus: Sustainable cooling & urban resilience

🔆 IMPORTANT DAYS
📍 80th Anniversary – 1946 Royal Indian Navy Revolt
✅ Observed on 18 February 2026

🔆 AWARDS
📍 Earthshot Prize 2026
✅ Host city: Mumbai
✅ Founded by Prince William (2020)

🔆 BOOKS
📍 AI Impact Startup Book
✅ Launched by MeitY at India Impact Summit

🔆 SPORTS
📍 Tejaswin Shankar – Gold (Heptathlon)
✅ Asian Indoor Athletics Championships, Tianjin
✅ Points: 5,993
✅ India finished 6th overall (5 medals)

#CurrentAffairs

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Upsc prelims accelerator
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🔆 1st Carnatic War (1740-1748)
📍 Place: Madras, on the bank of river Adyar
📍 Fought Between:
✅ French and forces of Anwar-ud-din, the Nawab of Carnatic (Supported by EIC)
📍 Victor: Inconclusive
📍 Causes:
✅ Extension of Anglo-French rivalry during the War of the Austrian Succession.
✅ British navy seized French ships to provoke France.
✅ France retaliated by seizing Madras.
📍 Details:
✅ Treaty of Aix-La Chapelle:
- Ended the War of the Austrian Succession.
- Madras returned to the English in exchange for the French fortress of Louisbourg in North America.

🔆 2nd Carnatic War (1749-1754)
📍 Place: Vellore
📍 Fought Between:
✅ Nasir Jung, the Nizam and his protege Muhammad Ali, supported by the British, vs. Chanda Sahib and Muzaffar Jung, supported by the French
📍 Victor: EIC had the edge
📍 Causes:
✅ Struggles for succession to the Nizam of Hyderabad and Nawab of the Carnatic.
📍 Details:
✅ Battle of Ambur:
- Muzaffar Jung and Chanda Sahib (supported by Dupleix) overthrew Anwaruddin Muhammad Khan, the Nawab of Carnatic.
- Chanda Sahib became the next Nawab of the Carnatic.
✅ Eventually in 1751, Robert Clive led British troops to capture Arcot, the capital of Carnatic, and successfully defended it.
✅ Treaty of Pondicherry:
- The favored British candidate Mohamed Ali Khan Walajan was recognized as the Nawab of Carnatic.

#history

🔆 Mahabalipuram (UPSC 2014, 2015, 2016)

📍 Overview
✅ 7th-century Pallava site
✅ Declared a UNESCO World Heritage Site

📍 Important Monuments at Mahabalipuram

1️⃣ Pancha Pandava Rathas

✅ Earliest rock-cut temples
✅ Built under Narasimhavarman I (630–668 AD)
✅ Comprise:
➤ Dharmaraja Ratha
➤ Bhima Ratha
➤ Arjuna Ratha
➤ Nakul Ratha
➤ Sahadeva Ratha

2️⃣ Rock-cut Cave Temples

✅ Varaha Cave Temple
✅ Krishna Cave Temple
✅ Pancha Pandava Cave Temple
✅ Mahishasuramardini Mandapa

3️⃣ Open Air Rock Reliefs

✅ Descent of Ganges
✅ Also known as Arjuna’s Penance / Bhagiratha’s Penance

4️⃣ Shore Temple Complex

✅ Consists of two small and one large temple
✅ Predominantly dedicated to Lord Shiva
✅ Contains sculpture of Anantashayana (Vishnu) in one of the temples

#prelims
#art_and_culture

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🔆 Export Promotion Mission (EPM)
Launched by Ministry of Commerce & Industry

📍 About EPM

✅ Flagship initiative to empower MSMEs for global exports 🌍
✅ Operates through two sub-schemes:
🔹 Niryat Protsahan (Financial Support)
🔹 Niryat Disha (Non-Financial Support)

✅ Vision: Comprehensive, flexible & digitally driven export framework
✅ Financial Outlay: ₹25,060 crore
✅ Timeline: FY 2025–26 to FY 2030–31 (6 Years)
✅ Implementing Agency: Directorate General of Foreign Trade (DGFT)

📍 New Interventions Announced

🔹 Under Niryat Protsahan (Financial Support) 💰

✅ Export Factoring Support
➤ Promotes export factoring as working capital solution
➤ Digital claim mechanism for transparency

✅ Credit Assistance for E-Commerce Exporters
➤ Direct E-Commerce Credit Facility up to ₹50 lakh (90% guarantee cover)
➤ Overseas Inventory Credit Facility up to ₹5 crore (75% guarantee cover)

✅ Support for Emerging Export Opportunities
➤ Enables MSMEs to access new & high-risk global markets

🔹 Under Niryat Disha (Non-Financial Support) 📊

✅ TRACE (Trade Regulations, Accreditation & Compliance Enablement)
➤ Supports Testing, Inspection & Certification (TIC) requirements

✅ FLOW (Facilitating Logistics, Overseas Warehousing & Fulfilment)
➤ Promotes overseas warehousing & e-commerce export hubs

✅ LIFT (Logistics Interventions for Freight & Transport)
➤ Addresses geographical disadvantages in low export intensity districts

✅ INSIGHT (Integrated Support for Trade Intelligence & Facilitation)
➤ Strengthens capacity-building under Districts as Export Hubs
➤ Develops trade intelligence systems

📌 Objective: Improve access to affordable trade finance, enhance competitiveness & diversify India’s export markets.

#goverment_schemes

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Day 66: 22 February target:

Backlogs+ pyq

Current Affairs:
Backlogs


#UpscRevisionProgram

After completion of target post 'DONE'
In comment section. Targets are decided as per practical approach. In remaining time, you can study whatever you want.
Thank you.


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