#️⃣#Worse /wɜːs $ wɜːrs/ #adjective


1️⃣ more unpleasant, bad, or severe

💢worse than

🔹The violence was worse than we expected.
🔹The traffic is much worse after five o'clock.
🔹The weather was a lot worse this year.
🔹Conditions will get worse as the winter continues.
🔹High inflation will make unemployment worse.
🔹Don’t say anything, you’ll only make matters worse.
🔹The bullying got worse and worse until finally he had to leave the school.
🔹There’s nothing worse than being robbed while you’re on holiday.
🔹The school’s not perfect, but I suppose it could be worse.

2️⃣ more ill than before:

🔹If she’s worse in the morning, I’ll call the doctor.
🔹I was worried because he seemed to be getting worse rather than better.
🔹The tablets seemed to make him worse.

3️⃣ be none the worse for something ➡️ to not have been harmed by something:

🔹She seemed none the worse for her night out in the cold.

4️⃣ worse luck #spoken ➡️ used to say that you are disappointed or annoyed by something:

🔹I’ve got one more year of college, worse luck!

5️⃣ somebody could do worse than do something #spoken ➡️ used to say that you think that someone should do something:

🔹He could do worse than marry Eleanor.

6️⃣ go from bad to worse ➡️ to continue getting worse:

🔹Things went from bad to worse, and in the end she lost her job.

7️⃣ the worse for wear (also the worse for drink #British_English) #informal ➡️ drunk


#Vocabulary
#Essential_English_words
@PMPerfect1

#️⃣interpret /ɪnˈtɜːprət, ɪnˈtɜːprɪt $ -ɜːr-/ #verb

📚#Thesaurus:

⚪️translate #verb [intransitive and transitive] ➡️ to change written or spoken words into another language:

✨She has translated a number of his books.

✨Michael Meyer translated the play from the original Norwegian.

✨Can you translate this into French?

⚪️interpret #verb [intransitive and transitive] ➡️ to change what someone is saying into another language, as they are speaking:

✨No one in our tour group spoke Spanish so we had to ask the guide to interpret.

✨We'll have to find someone who speaks Chinese to interpret the questions and answers for our guests.

✨I had to interpret for my boss on the last trip to Japan.

⚪️put something into English/French/Japanese etc #British_English ➡️ to translate something into another language, especially a few words or a short piece of writing:

✨I've written a message for Kelly. Could you put it into Italian for me?

✨I had to put a list of Japanese words into English.

#Vocabulary
@PMPerfect1

#️⃣#Cloud /klaʊd/ #noun


1️⃣💢heavy/thick/dense etc clouds

🔹Dark clouds floated across the moon.

🔹Heavy clouds had gathered over the summit of Mont Blanc.

💢low/high cloud

🔹Visibility was bad due to low cloud.

2️⃣a mass of dust, smoke etc in the air, or a large number of insects flying together

💢cloud of dust/smoke/gas etc

🔹A cloud of steam rose into the air.

🔹clouds of mosquitoes buzzing around us

3️⃣something that makes you feel afraid, worried, unhappy etc

💢cloud of

🔹the cloud of economic recession

💢cloud on the horizon (=something that might spoil a happy situation)

🔹The only cloud on the horizon was her mother’s illness.

🔹Fears of renewed terrorist attacks cast a cloud over the event ➡️ (=spoilt the happy situation).

🔹He returned to New York under a cloud of gloom and despair.

4️⃣under a cloud (of suspicion) #informal ➡️ if someone is under a cloud, people have a bad opinion of them because they think they have done something wrong:

🔹He left the company under a cloud of suspicion.

5️⃣be on cloud nine #informal #idiom ➡️ to be very happy about something

6️⃣every cloud has a silver lining #idiom ➡️ used to say that there is something good even in a situation that seems very sad or difficult

7️⃣be/live in cloud-cuckoo-land #British_English ➡️ to think that a situation is much better than it really is, in a way that is slightly stupid

💢have your head in the clouds


#Vocabulary
#Essential_English_words
@PMPerfect1

📚#Thesaurus:

⚪️cloud #noun ➡️ a white or grey mass in the sky that forms from very small drops of water:

✨The storm was still a way off but black clouds were gathering.

✨Thick cloud obscured the top of the hill.

⚪️fog #noun ➡️ very thick cloud near the ground which is difficult to see through:

✨The cars crashed into each other in thick fog.

✨The fog had lifted ➡️ (=disappeared) slightly.

⚪️mist #noun ➡️ light cloud near the ground that makes it difficult for you to see very far. Mist is usually not as thick as fog. You often get mist near areas of water or mountains:

✨The morning mist was lifting and the sun was coming up.

✨A grey mist hung over the water.

✨The hills were shrouded in mist ➡️ (=surrounded by mist).

⚪️haze #noun ➡️ smoke, dust, or mist in the air which is difficult to see through:

✨He saw the horses coming towards him through a haze of dust.

✨The road shimmered in the heat haze.

✨A pale blue haze hung over the far-off mountains.

⚪️smog #noun ➡️ dirty air that looks like a mixture of smoke and fog, caused by smoke from cars and factories in cities:

✨The city is covered in smog for much of the year.

✨A smog warning was issued for parts of Southern Oregon.

⚪️thundercloud #noun ➡️ a large dark cloud that you see before or during a storm:

✨He watched the thunderclouds roll across the valley.

⚪️vapour trail #British_English, vapor trail #American_English #noun ➡️ the white line that is left in the sky by a plane:

✨High overhead, a jet left its vapour trail across the blue sky.


#Vocabulary
#Essential_English_words
@PMPerfect1

#️⃣#ever /ˈevə $ ˈevər/ #adverb


1️⃣a word meaning at any time; used mostly in questions, negatives, comparisons, or sentences with ‘if’:

🔹Have you ever been to Paris
🔹Nothing ever seems to upset him.
🔹I don’t think I’ve ever been here before.
🔹If you’re ever in Seattle, come and see me.

2️⃣#formal ➡️ always:

🔹Ever optimistic, I decided to take the exam again.

3️⃣hardly ever ➡️ not very often:

🔹We hardly ever go out.

4️⃣never ever #spoken ➡️ never:

🔹You never ever offer to help!

5️⃣for ever ➡️ for all time:

🔹Nothing lasts for ever.

6️⃣as ever ➡️ as always happens:

🔹As ever, Joe was late.

7️⃣ever since ➡️ continuously since:

🔹My back has been bad ever since I fell and hurt it two years ago.

8️⃣ever after ➡️ for all time after something:

🔹I suppose they’ll get married and live happily ever after.

9️⃣hotter / colder / better etc than ever ➡️ even hotter etc than before:

🔹Last night’s show was better than ever.

1️⃣0️⃣as friendly / cheerful / miserable etc as ever ➡️ as friendly etc as someone or something usually is:

🔹George was as miserable as ever.
🔹The food was as bad as ever!

1️⃣1️⃣ever so cold / wet / nice etc #British_English #spoken ➡️ very cold, wet etc:

🔹The assistant was ever so helpful.
🔹Thanks ever so much.

1️⃣2️⃣ever such a #British_English ➡️ used to emphasize what someone or something is like:

🔹She’s ever such a nice girl.

1️⃣3️⃣ever-increasing / ever-present etc ➡️ increasing, present etc all the time:

🔹the ever-increasing problem of drugs in the inner cities

1️⃣4️⃣Yours ever / Ever yours #informal ➡️ used at the end of a letter above the signature

1️⃣5️⃣if ever there was one #informal ➡️ used to say that someone or something is a typical example of something:

🔹He’s a natural comedian if ever there was one.


#Vocabulary
#Essential_English_words
@PMPerfect1

#️⃣#Friendly /ˈfrendli/ #adjective


💢friendly to/towards

🔹Why is he suddenly so friendly towards you, Charlotte?

💢be friendly with somebody ➡️ to be friends with someone:

🔹Betty’s very friendly with the Jacksons.

💢not at war with your own country, or not opposing you OPP hostile:

🔹friendly nations

💢#British_English ➡️ a friendly game is played for pleasure or practice, and not because it is important to win:

🔹a friendly match against AC Milan

💢user-friendly/customer-friendly etc ➡️ not difficult for particular people to understand or use:

🔹a user-friendly computer program

🔹a customer-friendly shopping mall

💢environmentally-friendly/ozone-friendly/eco-friendly etc not harmful to the environment, ozone layer etc:

🔹eco-friendly washing powder

💢friendly fire ➡️ bombs, bullets etc that accidentally kill people who are fighting on the same side

#️⃣#friendly /ˈfrendli/ #noun (plural friendlies) [countable] #British_English

= a game played for pleasure or practice, and not because it is important to win


#Vocabulary
#Essential_English_words
@PMPerfect1

#️⃣#Grade /ɡreɪd/ #noun


💢high/low grade

🔹low grade products

💢RANK ➡️ a particular level of job:

🔹There are lots of jobs in junior grades.

💢MARK IN SCHOOL ➡️ a mark that a student is given for their work or for an examination:

🔹He got a grade A in maths.

🔹Tim worked hard and got good grades.

💢make the grade ➡️ to succeed or reach the necessary standard:

🔹What does it take to make the grade as a top golfer?

💢SCHOOL YEAR ➡️ one of the 12 years that students are at school in the American school system, or the students in a particular year

💢second/eleventh etc grade

🔹My brother is in sixth grade.

🔹a fifth-grade teacher

💢SLOPE #American_English ➡️ a slope or a degree of slope, especially in a road or railway SYN gradient #British_English


#Vocabulary
#Essential_English_words
@PMPerfect1

#️⃣#Instead /ɪnˈsted/ #adverb


📚#Thesaurus:

⚪️instead ➡️ used when saying that a particular thing is used or happens and not another thing, or that someone does something and not another person:

✨There were no single rooms, so I booked a double instead.

✨Chris couldn't go to the meeting, so I said that I would go instead.

✨Can I have soup instead of salad?

✨I really wished it had been me instead of him.

⚪️rather than ➡️ instead of something or someone - often used when someone does something instead of doing another thing, because it seems better or more suitable:

✨Rather than driving around all day looking for somewhere to park, why don’t you take a bus into town?

✨A lot of people are choosing to rent rather than buy their own homes.

✨I’d say it was warm rather than hot.

✨It might be better if you asked him rather than me.

⚪️in somebody / sth’s place ➡️ having the position or role that something or someone else once had:

✨The factory was demolished and flats were built in its place.

✨If I refused to go, they would send someone else in my place.

⚪️on behalf of somebody/on sb’s behalf ➡️ instead of someone or as their representative:

✨She asked the doctor to speak to her parents on her behalf.

✨He collected the award on behalf of his sister.

⚪️in favour of #British_English, in favor of #American_English ➡️ used when something is not chosen or used, because something else seems much better:

✨The original plan was abandoned in favour of a new proposal.

✨She was rejected for the job in favor of a more experienced teacher.

⚪️in preference to #formal ➡️ used when something is chosen or used because it seems much better than something else:

✨What makes customers choose one brand in preference to another?


#Vocabulary
#Essential_English_words
@PMPerfect1

#️⃣#Report /rɪˈpɔːt $ -ɔːrt/ #noun


💢report of / on / about

🔹Colleges have to provide a written report on the progress of each student during the year.

💢a piece of writing in a newspaper about something that is happening, or part of a news programme:

🔹According to recent news reports, two of the victims are Americans.

💢report on / of

🔹media reports of the food shortages

💢an official document that carefully considers a particular subject

💢report on

🔹a recent report on child abuse

💢information that something has happened, which may or may not be true

💢report of

🔹Police received reports of a bomb threat at the airport at 11:28 p.m.

🔹Government officials have denied reports of rebel advances.

💢report that

🔹a report that he had been killed

💢#British_English ➡️ a written statement by teachers about a child’s work at school, which is sent to his or her parents SYN report card #American_English

💢#British_English ➡️ someone who works for a particular manager:

🔹Only Gordon’s direct reports are attending the course.

💢#formal ➡️ the noise of an explosion or shot:

🔹a loud report


#Vocabulary
#Essential_English_words
@PMPerfect1

#️⃣#Suddenly /ˈsʌdnli/ #adverb


📚#Thesaurus:

⚪️suddenly ➡️ used when something happens very quickly and unexpectedly:

✨Suddenly, there was a loud bang.

✨I suddenly realized what had happened.

✨Her husband died suddenly at the age of 64.

⚪️all of a sudden ➡️ suddenly – used especially in stories or descriptions of past events:

✨All of a sudden, he takes a gun out of his pocket and shoots.

✨He just all of a sudden decided to leave.

⚪️without warning ➡️ suddenly and with no signs that it was going to happen – used about bad or dangerous things:

✨One day, he collapsed without warning.

✨Then, without warning, her husband left her.

⚪️out of the blue ➡️ suddenly and unexpectedly – used especially when you hear from someone you have not seen for a long time or when someone tells you something that surprises you:

✨She turned up on my doorstep, out of the blue.

✨The offer had come completely out of the blue.

⚪️at short notice #British_English, on short notice #American_English ➡️ suddenly, so that there is not much time to prepare or change arrangements:

✨He came into the side at short notice, when another player was injured.

✨Occasionally, tours may have to be cancelled at short notice.

⚪️on the spur of the moment ➡️ used when talking about things you decide to do suddenly, without planning them beforehand:

✨We all buy things on the spur of the moment.

✨On the spur of the moment, I decided to go and talk to her about it.


#Vocabulary
#Essential_English_words
@PMPerfect1

💎ROUGH DIAMOND💎

a rough diamond mainly #British or a diamond in the rough #American

1️⃣ If you call someone, especially a man a rough diamond, you admire their good qualities, even though they are not very polite or well-educated.

🔹Marden was the rough diamond of the three, feared for his ruthlessness but respected for his First World War Military Cross.

🔹I liked Neil Murphy, who is somewhat of a diamond in the rough.

2️⃣ If you call someone or something a rough diamond, you mean that they have talent or good qualities which are hidden or not well developed and could be developed more.

🔹The young actor was a rough diamond. With some training, she'd become a superstar.

🔹British first novels are more likely to be rough diamonds, with flashes of inspiration in an imperfect whole.

🔹When I heard this lady sing, I ran to the theater, and I said, `Chick, I found myself a diamond in the rough.'

🔹Don’t be put off by your first impressions — he’s something of a rough diamond.

🔹She is very honest, and will be hard to cut as a rough diamond.

📝Note: A rough diamond is a diamond that has not yet been cut and polished.

The simile comes from mining, where the uncut, unpolished diamond resembles a hunk of worthless rock but may, after processing, be both beautiful and very valuable.


#idiom
@PMPerfect1

#️⃣#Expect /ɪkˈspekt/


💢expect to do something

🔹I expect to be back within a week.
🔹The company expects to complete work in April.

💢expect somebody / something to do something

🔹Emergency repairs were expected to take three weeks.
🔹I didn’t expect him to stay so long.

💢expect (that)

🔹There’s the doorbell – I expect it’ll be my mother.
🔹He will be hard to beat. I fully expect (=am completely sure about) that and I’m ready.
🔹‘Who are you?’ he murmured, only half expecting (=thinking it was possible, but not likely) her to answer.
🔹He didn’t get his expected pay rise.

💢as expected (=in the way that was planned or thought likely to happen)

🔹As expected, the whole family was shocked by the news.

💢something is (only) to be expected (=used to say that you are not surprised by something, especially something unpleasant)

🔹A little nervousness is only to be expected when you are starting a new job.

💢DEMAND ➡️ to demand that someone does something because it is a duty or seems reasonable

💢expect something from somebody

🔹The officer expects complete obedience from his troops.

💢expect somebody to do something

🔹I can’t expect her to be on time if I’m late myself.

💢expect a lot of somebody / expect too much of somebody (=think someone can do more than may be possible)

🔹The school expects a lot of its students.

💢THINK SOMEBODY/SOMETHING WILL ARRIVE ➡️ to believe that someone or something is going to arrive:

🔹We’re expecting Alison home any minute now.
🔹Snow is expected by the weekend.
🔹an expected crowd of 80,000 people

💢THINK ➡️ to think that you will find that someone or something has a particular quality or does a particular thing:

🔹I expected her to be taller than me, not shorter.

💢be expecting (a baby) ➡️ if a woman is expecting, she is going to have a baby

💢what can / do you expect? #spoken ➡️ used to say that you are not surprised by something unpleasant or disappointing:

🔹He was late, but what do you expect?

💢how do / can you expect ...? #spoken ➡️ used to say that it is unreasonable to think that something will happen or be true:

🔹If I can’t help her, how can you expect to?

💢I expect #British_English #spoken ➡️ used to introduce or agree with a statement that you think is probably true:

🔹I expect you’re right.
🔹‘Do you think they’re going to attack?’ ‘I expect so.’


#Vocabulary
#Essential_English_words
@PMPerfect1

#️⃣#Punish /ˈpʌnɪʃ/ #verb


📚#Thesaurus:

⚪️punish ➡️ to do something unpleasant to someone because they have done something wrong or broken the law:

✨Drug smugglers are severely punished.

✨She wanted to punish him for deceiving her.

⚪️fine ➡️ to make someone pay money as a punishment:

✨The company was fined for safety violations.

⚪️sentence ➡️ if a judge sentences a criminal, he or she gives them an official punishment, usually sending them to prison for a period of time:

✨The judge sentenced Margolis to a year in prison.

⚪️penalize (also penalise #British_English) ➡️ to officially punish someone, especially by taking away their right to do something or by limiting their freedom in some way:

✨New laws will penalize firms that continue to pollute the environment.

⚪️discipline ➡️ to punish someone who has broken the rules of an organization that they belong to or work for:

✨Officers are expected to discipline soldiers who do not keep their uniforms in good condition.

⚪️come down hard on somebody #informal ➡️ to punish someone or criticize them severely:

✨The judge came down hard on Harris, saying that his crime was ‘inexcusable’.

⚪️make an example of somebody ➡️ to punish someone so that other people are afraid to do the same thing:

✨Athletics officials felt they had to make an example of him for using banned drugs.

⚪️teach somebody a lesson #informal ➡️ to do something in order to show someone that they must not do something again, when they have behaved very badly:

✨I didn't want to hurt him - I just wanted teach him a lesson.

✨Maybe a night in jail will teach him a lesson.

⚪️make somebody pay (for something) #informal ➡️ to make someone wish they had never done something, by making them suffer:

✨We should make him pay for all the mischief he's caused!


#Vocabulary
#Essential_English_words
@PMPerfect1

📚#Thesaurus:

■ person

⚪️shake ➡️ if a person or part of their body shakes, they make small sudden continuous movements from side to side or up and down, especially because they are very frightened, cold, ill etc:

✨Suddenly he started to shake. ‘Don’t ever scare me like that again!’ he whispered.
✨The poor girl was shaking.

⚪️shudder ➡️ to shake for a short time, especially because you think of something very unpleasant, or because you feel frightened or cold:

✨Corbett shuddered when he thought of what might have happened to them.
✨I shuddered when I read the article.
✨He was still shuddering with the cold.
✨She clung to him, shuddering with emotion.

⚪️tremble ➡️ to shake slightly in a way that you cannot control, especially because you are frightened, worried, or angry:

✨Ernest opened the letter in silence, his hands trembling.
✨Her whole body trembled with fear.
✨He hadn’t dared to move. He was trembling with shock.
✨‘I won’t be coming back,’ she said, her body trembling with anger.

⚪️shiver ➡️ to shake slightly, especially only a few times, because you are cold or frightened:

✨She shivered, pulling her coat closer around herself.
✨You make me shiver when you talk like that.

⚪️quiver especially #literary ➡️ to shake slightly and continuously because you are very worried or excited – used especially about someone’s lips, mouth, or body:

✨Her bottom lip began to quiver, and she turned away to hide her tears.
✨Alice’s eyes began to fill with tears and her mouth quivered. ‘I 'm going away,’ she said.

⚪️wobble ➡️ to move unsteadily from side to side:

✨Mrs Hamilton wobbled precariously on her high heels.

⚪️rock ➡️ to move gently backwards and forwards or from side to side:

✨He rocked to and fro in his chair.

■ object/vehicle/the ground etc

⚪️shake ➡️ to move suddenly from side to side or up and down, usually with a lot of force:

✨The floor shook from a distant explosion.
✨The walls were still shaking.
✨The trees were shaking in the wind.

⚪️rattle ➡️ to shake and make a noise:

✨The windows rattled in the wind.
✨The train was rattling over the bridge.

⚪️vibrate ➡️ to shake continuously with small fast movements:

✨The music was so loud that the whole room vibrated.
✨The atoms vibrate at different frequencies.

⚪️wobble ➡️ to move unsteadily from side to side:

✨The bike began to wobble alarmingly as she fought to control it.
✨The cup wobbled and he grabbed it to stop it from falling.

⚪️rock ➡️ to move gently backwards and forwards or from side to side:

✨The trailer rocked in the wind.
✨The boat was rocking from side to side with the waves.

⚪️shudder (also judder especially #British_English) ➡️ if a vehicle or machine shudders, it shakes for a short time:

✨The lift shuddered then began to descend.
✨The engine shuddered into life (=it shook and then started working).
✨The car juddered to a halt (=it shook and then stopped) outside the house.


#Vocabulary
#Essential_English_words
@PMPerfect1

📚#Thesaurus:

⚪️farm ➡️ an area of land, used for growing crops or keeping animals:

✨a 300-hectare farm
✨a dairy farm
✨a sheep farm

⚪️ranch ➡️ a very large farm in the western US, Canada, or South America where sheep, cattle, or horses are bred:

✨a cattle ranch in Wyoming

⚪️smallholding #British_English ➡️ a piece of land used for farming, that is smaller than an ordinary farm:

✨a smallholding used for organic farming

⚪️plantation ➡️ a large area of land in a hot country, where crops such as tea, cotton, and sugar are grown:

✨a rubber plantation
✨a tea plantation

⚪️homestead ➡️ a piece of land for farming that was given to people in the past by the US and Canadian governments:

✨He still farms on the family homestead, a hundred years after his grandfather received it.

⚪️spread #American_English #informal ➡️ an area of land used for farming or ranching:

✨They have a pretty big spread just south of the Canadian border.

⚪️market garden ➡️ an area of land, often with greenhouses on it, used for growing vegetables and fruit:

✨He runs his own market garden, and sells his produce to the big supermarkets.

⚪️orchard ➡️ an area of land with trees, used for growing fruit:

✨an apple orchard
✨cherry orchards

⚪️allotment #British_English ➡️ a small area of land of land, especially in a town or city, which you can use for growing your own vegetables.The land is usually owned by the local council, who charge a very low rent:

✨We grew the tomatoes on our allotment.

⚪️agriculture ➡️ the practice of farming:

✨More than 75% of the land is used for agriculture.

⚪️arable adjective ➡️ relating to growing crops:

✨a lack of arable land


#Vocabulary
#Essential_English_words
@PMPerfect1

📚#Thesaurus:

🔄 to continue doing something

⚪️continue ▶️ to not stop doing something that you are already doing:

✨We need the money to continue our work.
✨They continued arguing for a long time.
✨Despite all the warnings, many people continue to smoke.
✨Sometimes she just couldn’t see the point of continuing.
✨My teacher advised me to continue with my studies.

⚪️go on (also carry on especially #British_English) ▶️ to continue doing something. Go on is less #formal than continue, and is the phrase that people usually use in #everyday_English:

✨Dan went on talking but she was no longer listening.
✨He carried on with his day job. ✨Sheehan has carried on with her campaign.

⚪️keep (on) doing something [not in progressive] ▶️ to continue doing something for a long time – especially so that you feel tired or annoyed:

✨We kept on walking until we got to the top of the hill.
✨The man kept staring at me.

⚪️persevere /ˌpɜːsəˈvɪə, ˌpɜːsɪˈvɪə $ ˌpɜːrsəˈvɪr/ ▶️ to continue trying to do something in a very patient and determined way, in spite of difficulties. Persevere sounds rather #formal:

✨He didn’t know any English, but he persevered and became a good student.
✨Her health was rapidly declining but she persevered with her duties.
✨Stevenson persevered in his efforts to discover what had really happened.
✨Children today seem less willing to seek out challenges and persevere in the face of adversity.


#Vocabulary
#Essential_English_words
📕@PMPerfect1
📗@VocabularyBoosterESL

🔄 to continue to happen

⚪️continue ▶️ to happen without stopping:

✨The good weather seems likely to continue.
✨Unless there are serious negotiations, the fighting will continue.
✨Some people have lost work, and this will continue to happen until the computer system is fixed.
✨The review process is expected to continue for several weeks.

⚪️last ▶️ to continue – use this to say how long something continues for:

✨I know my good luck won’t last forever.
✨It’s not certain how long the ceasefire will last.
✨The trial lasted for six days.
✨The meeting lasted until lunchtime.
✨The training period lasted from July 2 to August 25.

⚪️go on ▶️ to continue, especially for a long time:

✨Disputes between neighbours can go on for years.

⚪️carry on #British_English ▶️ to continue, especially when there are problems:

✨The game carried on despite the injury of two players.

⚪️drag on ▶️ to continue for much longer than necessary or for longer than you want:

✨The meeting dragged on for another hour.
✨The talks dragged on, with no apparent hope of achieving a peaceful solution.

⚪️persist #formal ▶️ if something bad persists, it continues to exist or happen:

✨See your doctor if the symptoms persist.
✨If adverse weather conditions persist, the game will be cancelled.


#Vocabulary
#Essential_English_words
📕@PMPerfect1
📗@VocabularyBoosterESL

#️⃣#Experience /ɪkˈspɪəriəns $ -ˈspɪr-/ #noun


1️⃣KNOWLEDGE/SKILL [uncountable] ➡️ knowledge or skill that you gain from doing a job or activity, or the process of doing this

🔘experience of/in/with

💥You’ve got a lot of experience of lecturing.
💥my experience in many areas of the music business
💥He had no previous experience of managing a farm.
💥The advice in the booklet reflects the practical experience we have gained (=experience gained by actually doing something, rather than knowledge from books etc).
💥I had some experience in fashion design.
💥She was turned down on the grounds of lack of experience.
💥I have first-hand experience (=experience gained by doing something myself) of running a school.

🔘gain/get experience

💥The programme enables pupils to gain some experience of the world of work.

2️⃣KNOWLEDGE OF LIFE [uncountable] ➡️ knowledge that you gain about life and the world by being in different situations and meeting different people, or the process of gaining this

🔘in sb’s experience

💥In his experience, women did not like getting their feet wet and muddy.

🔘know/learn/speak from experience

💥Being a parent isn’t easy, as I know from experience.
💥All animals appear to have some capacity to learn from experience.
💥I speak from bitter experience (=having learnt something because something unpleasant happened).

🔘personal/previous/past experience

💥From personal experience, she knew and understood the problems of drugs addiction.

🔘experience shows/suggests that

💥Beth’s experience suggests that people don’t really change deep down.

3️⃣SOMETHING THAT HAPPENS [countable] ➡️ something that happens to you or something you do, especially when this has an effect on what you feel or think:

💥childhood experiences

🔘experience of/with

💥This was my first experience of living with other people.

🔘experience for

💥Failing an exam was a new experience for me.
💥I had a similar experience last year.
💥The two children in this story have been through a lot of bad experiences.
💥Parachuting is quite an experience.

🔘memorable/unforgettable experience

💥This romantic evening cruise is a memorable experience.

4️⃣the black/female/Russian etc experience ➡️ events or knowledge shared by the members of a particular society or group of people:

💥No writer expresses the black experience with such passion as Toni Morisson.

5️⃣work experience #British_English ➡️ a system in which a student can work for a company in order to learn about a job, or the period during which a student does this:

💥Ella is about to do work experience with a clothing manufacturer.

🔘on work experience

💥students on work experience


#Vocabulary
#Essential_English_words
📕@PMPerfect1
📗@VocabularyBoosterESL

#️⃣#Policy /ˈpɒləsi, ˈpɒlɪsi $ ˈpɑː-/ BrE AmE #noun


📚#Thesaurus:

⚪️plan ▶️ a set of actions for achieving something in the future, especially a set of actions that has been considered carefully and in detail:

✨Leaders outlined a plan to end the fighting.

⚪️plot/conspiracy ▶️ a secret plan to do something bad or illegal, made by a group of people:

✨There was a plot to assassinate the President.

✨a terrorist conspiracy

⚪️scheme #British_English ▶️ an official plan that is intended to help people:

✨The government has introduced a new scheme to help young people find work.

⚪️strategy ▶️ a carefully designed plan which is intended to achieve a particular purpose over a long period of time:

✨the company’s business strategy

✨The government’s economic strategy has been criticized by many experts.

✨We need to develop effective strategies for combating the sale of counterfeit goods.

⚪️initiative ▶️ a new plan for dealing with a particular problem or for achieving a particular aim:

✨a peace initiative

✨a major new initiative to tackle street crime

⚪️policy ▶️ a plan that members of a government, political party, company etc agree on, that states how they intend to deal with a particular subject or problem:

✨the government’s immigration policy

✨It’s company policy to allow people to work from home.

⚪️programme #British_English, program #American_English ▶️ a series of activities that a government or organization organizes, which aims to achieve something important and will continue for a long time:

✨a five-year programme which will create 2000 new jobs

✨federal programs for low-income housing


#Ielts_vocabulary
@PMPerfect1
@VocabularyBoosterESL

✨Double modal


A double modal is a linguistic construction in which two modal auxiliaries are used in succession to introduce two separate modalities into a sentence.

🔹I might can jump over that bush = there is a possibility that you have the ability to jump over the bush.

OR

🔹I might be able to jump over the bush. (#Standard_English)

🔘EXAMPLES:

◽️Could you might give me a minute?
◽️Maybe we might should plan to eat out.
◽️We might can go up there next Saturday.
◽️Well, once we get under way, it shouldn't oughta take us very long.

😃Fun fact:

Some English speakers even use triple modal constructions, which is why many people refer to these as “multiple modal” constructions:

🔘EXAMPLES:

🔸It's a long way and he might will can't come, but I'm going to ask.
🔸I reckon I might should better try to get me a little bit more sleep.

This kind of modality is associated with Southern #British and #American_English, as well as a few other varieties.


#Spoken_English
#Modality
@PMPerfect1